Molecular Detection Of Efflux Pump and Virulence Factors Genes in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Sohag University

Status: Enrolling

Conditions: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Treatments: Diagnostic Test: Molecular detection to efflux genes and some virulence genes; Diagnostic Test: culture on cetrimide agar; Diagnostic Test: Antibiotic sensitivity testing; Diagnostic Test: Staining with Gram stain

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT05642767

Soh-Med-22-11-18

Details and patient eligibility

About

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a ubiquitous aerobic, non-fermentative Gram-negative rod that is widely associated with nosocomial pneumonia and can lead to severe illness with poor outcomes, particularly in critically ill people due to the ability of some strains to cause lung epithelial injury and spread into the circulation. 2 In the intensive care unit, PA infection is ranked among the top five causes of the bloodstream, pulmonary, surgical site, urinary tract, and soft tissue infections.

Full description

The pathogenesis of PA infections is multifactorial, and it is frequently complicated by the bacteria's intrinsic resistance to some antimicrobial agents such as sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim, as well as its ability to acquire or quickly develop resistance to major classes of antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, quinolones, B-lactams, and polymyxins (Bassetti et al., 2018).

The efflux systems, which mediate the expulsion of antibiotics out of the cell shortly after entry, the production of enzymes to inactivate antibiotics, and the decrease in permeability across the cell wall are some mechanisms used by PA to develop antimicrobial resistance (Meletis & Bagkeri, 2013).

PA possesses a large number of virulence factors that play a significant role in pathogenesis and the determination of infection severity. These virulence factors act alone or in synergy with each other to cause tissue damage, necrosis, and cell death. Among the virulence factors of PA, the major determinants of virulence are the type III secretion system (T3SS) and quorum sensing (cell-to-cell signaling system). The T3SS is a needle-like complex, also known as the injectisome, that enables a bacterium to deliver different effector proteins such as ExoS, ExoT, ExoU, and ExoY across the membrane into a host cell, altering host cell functions and increasing bacterial survival rates ( Horna G and, Ruiz J, 2021). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance caused by the presence of Efflux genes and some virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa from clinical isolates.

Enrollment: 75 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 4 weeks to 80 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• All patients suffering from infections that can be caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa

Exclusion criteria

• Samples diagnosed to have organisms other than pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Trial design

75 participants in 2 patient groups

Patients with pseudomonas aeruginosa infections

Description:

All patients suffer from infections that can be caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clinical Data will be obtained as: * Data about clinical manifestations including fever, expectoration, pus from wounds, urinary symptoms, symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections, and symptoms of otitis externa. * Samples will be cultured on cetrimide agar. * Antibiotic sensitivity testing will be done by disc diffusion method according to CLSI. * Molecular detection to efflux genes and some virulence genes by PCR.

Treatment:

Diagnostic Test: culture on cetrimide agar

Diagnostic Test: Antibiotic sensitivity testing

Diagnostic Test: Molecular detection to efflux genes and some virulence genes

Diagnostic Test: Staining with Gram stain

Patients with infections other than pseudomonas aeruginosa

Description:

* Data about clinical manifestations including fever, expectoration, pus from wounds, urinary symptoms, symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections, and symptoms of otitis externa. * Samples will be cultured on different culture media and automated identification by Vitek system.

Treatment:

Diagnostic Test: culture on cetrimide agar

Diagnostic Test: Antibiotic sensitivity testing

Diagnostic Test: Staining with Gram stain