Neurocognitive Basis of Attention and Eye Movement Guidance in the Real World Scenes

Avniel Ghuman

Status

Withdrawn

Conditions

Cognition

Eye Movements

Attention

Treatments

Device: Electrical Brain Stimulation

Device: Sham Electrical Brain Stimulation

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

NIH

Identifiers

NCT04652856

1R21EY030297-01A1 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

STUDY19090010

Details and patient eligibility

About

The objective of this study is to determine the effects of electrical brain stimulation (EBS) on visual search in natural scenes in humans.

Full description

The ability to conduct a visual search for an object in a naturalistic scene is a crucial component of everyday interactions with the environment. This process requires the recognition of different items, accessing stored semantic knowledge about those items and their relationships with other objects, and guiding vision based on that knowledge. Classical models of attention emphasize low-level visual salience maps for attentional guidance. However, behavioral studies increasingly support a role for object knowledge in guiding attention and eye movements. Despite strong behavioral evidence that conceptual information about objects and scenes is critical for real world guidance of attention, very little is known about the neural basis of the guidance of attention based on meaning.

Previous human imaging studies have identified several brain regions that represent object and scene/context knowledge as it relates to visual recognition. In particular, regions of the temporal lobes (inferior temporal regions (ITC), parahippocampal cortex (PHC), and the hippocampus) are critical for perceiving and understanding objects, but little is known about the role of these individual regions in how they interact to guide attention and eye movements in real-world scenes.

Electrical brain stimulation is routinely performed clinically in the surgical treatment of epilepsy patients, both intraoperatively and using implanted electrodes. It is used as standard of care both to map eloquent brain function prior to surgical treatment for epilepsy and to map the seizure network. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the information flow and neural dynamics of the brain, examining the impact of electrical brain stimulation on stimulus search time, accuracy, and eye movement trajectories.

Sex

All

Ages

18 to 75 years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Have intracranial EEG electrodes implanted for stage II epilepsy planning.
Have adequate cognitive and communication ability to give informed consent, understand instructions, and follow direction.
Be able to understand the tasks and provide responses.
IQ > 75 (done as part of standard-of-care neuropsychological testing as part of the surgical treatment for epilepsy)
Speak English

Exclusion criteria