Non-dependent Lung High Frequency Positive Pressure Ventilation (HFPPV) and Right Ventricular Function

King Faisal University

Status and phase

Completed

Phase 1

Conditions

Lung Diseases

Esophageal Diseases

Treatments

Procedure: conventional OLV followed with IL-HFPPV

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

NCT01019993

39-01-2004

Details and patient eligibility

About

The investigators hypothesized that the application of volume-controlled HFPPV to the non-dependent lung during one-lung ventilation (OLV) for thoracotomy in patients with good pulmonary functions and mild-to-moderate pulmonary dysfunction may provide preservation of the right ventricular (RV) function, adequate oxygenation and optimum surgical conditions.

The investigators evaluated the effects of IL-HFPPV on RV ejection fraction (REF), RV end-diastolic volume (RVEDVI), RV stroke work (RVSWI), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVRI), and stroke volume (SVI) indices, oxygen delivery (DO2) and uptake (VO2), shunt fraction (Qs: Qt), and surgical field conditions during OLV for thoracotomy in patients with good and mild-to-moderate impaired pulmonary functions.

Full description

One-lung ventilation (OLV) provides an adequate operative field, but is opposed by the induced hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) in the non-ventilated lung. It may preserve overall oxygen delivery, however with deleterious increase in shunt fraction and pulmonary vascular resistance.1-2Right ventricular (RV) overload resulting from these increases in its afterload influences postoperative morbidity and mortality. Intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) occurs frequently during OLV for thoracic surgery in the dependent lung of patients with pulmonary hyperinflation as opposed to patients with normal pulmonary function.3 The different approaches for the correction of hypoxemia during OLV may require some degree of recruitment of the non-dependent lung (IL), with different maneuvers such as the application of continuous positive pressure ventilation (CPAP) or high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) to the non-dependent lung. These recruitment strategies, although they may improve arterial saturation, may concurrently decrease cardiac output, therefore having contradictory effects on overall oxygen delivery.4-6 Gas trapping may occur with increased ventilatory frequency during HFJV. This may impair RVEF through the increases in RV afterload.7 Therefore, the use of high frequency positive pressure ventilation (HFPPV) using tidal volumes just greater than the dead space increases arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) and the carbon dioxide excretion (VCO2) linearly with increasing peak airway pressure.8 We hypothesized that the application of volume-controlled HFPPV to the non-dependent lung during OLV for thoracotomy in patients with good pulmonary functions and mild-to-moderate pulmonary dysfunction may provide preservation of the RV function, adequate oxygenation and optimum surgical conditions.

We evaluated the effects of IL-HFPPV on RV ejection fraction (REF), RV end-diastolic volume (RVEDVI), RV stroke work (RVSWI), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVRI), and stroke volume (SVI) indices, oxygen delivery (DO2) and uptake (VO2), shunt fraction (Qs: Qt), and surgical field conditions during OLV for thoracotomy in patients with good and mild-to-moderate impaired pulmonary functions.

Enrollment

33 patients

Sex

All

Ages

18 to 60 years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Thirty-three patients ASA physical status II-III) scheduled for elective open thoracic surgery were prospectively included in this study at the authors' cardiothoracic center. Approval of the institutional ethical committee and informed written consent was obtained specifically for use of pulmonary artery catheter which is not routinely used in thoracic procedures at the authors' center.

Exclusion criteria

Patients with decompensated cardiac (> New York Heart Association II), pulmonary (vital capacity or FEV1% < 50% of the predicted values), hepatic, and renal diseases, arrhythmias, pulmonary hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) > 30 mm Hg), and previous history of pneumonectomy, bilobectomy or lobectomy.