Feasibility and Safety Study of Parent-to-Child Nasal Microbiota Transplant (ParentsTREAT)

Johns Hopkins University

Status and phase: Active, not recruiting; Phase 1

Conditions: Microbial Colonization; Neonatal Infection; Staphylococcus Aureus

Treatments: Biological: Placebo; Biological: nasal microbiota transplant (NMT)

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other; NIH

Identifiers

NCT05695196

IRB00361302

R21AI179644 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Details and patient eligibility

About

This feasibility and safety pilot study looks to determine whether transferring a parents healthy, diverse nasal microbiota to the participant's infant(s) will create a healthy, diverse neonatal nasal microbiome.

Full description

The parent-to-child NMT study is a pilot study to test the feasibility of a parent-to-child nasal microbiome transplant. The investigators will test parent-to-neonate nasal microbiome transplantation as an intervention to reduce S. aureus acquisition in neonates. Neonates admitted to the Johns Hopkins Hospital neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) will be screened and parents will be approached for enrollment in the study. After consent and baseline screening of parents and neonates, eligible neonates will undergo a nasal microbiome transplant. This pilot study looks to determine whether transferring a parents healthy, diverse nasal microbiota to the infant(s) will create a healthy, diverse neonatal nasal microbiome. The investigators are planning an upcoming randomized controlled trial of this intervention and hope to establish feasibility during this pilot study.

Enrollment: 34 patients

Sex: All

Ages: Under 60 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Neonate:

1. Neonate has anticipated NICU length of stay > 7 days
2. Neonate ≥25 weeks gestation
3. At least one parent/adult provider not colonized with S. aureus (as determined by baseline screening)
4. Neonate is not colonized with S. aureus on baseline screening

Parent/adult provider:

1. Parent/adult provider is able to provide informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

Neonate:

1. Neonate has had a prior clinical or surveillance culture grow S. aureus
2. Neonate is a ward of the State
3. Neonate with antenatal suspicion for immunodeficiency (e.g. sibling with known immunodeficiency, genetic syndrome with known associated immunodeficiency)
4. Neonate cannot have nasal swabs collected (due to anatomic or other clinical intervention, including nasal packing)

Parent/adult Provider:

1. Parent/adult provider had positive COVID-19 test in prior 21 days
2. Parent/adult provider with signs or symptoms of respiratory illness (e.g. runny nose, congestion, fever, cough)
3. Parent/adult provider has been in close contact with someone in the last 7 days who had a respiratory viral infection, like the cold or the flu?
4. Parent/adult provider tests positive on baseline screening test for S. aureus nasal colonization.
5. Parent/adult provider tests positive on baseline screening test for a respiratory pathogen.
6. Parent/adult provider is not able to provide written informed consent
7. Parent/adult provider is not able to be present at the bedside at the time of intervention.
8. Parent/adult provider has history of chronic sinusitis, cystic fibrosis, or an infection with a multi-drug resistant organism.
9. Inability or unwillingness to complete the Donor questionnaire or a positive response to any question on the Donor questionnaire

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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34 participants in 3 patient groups, including a placebo group

direct NMT

Experimental group

Description:

swab parent nares then insert swab directly into neonate nares

Treatment:

Biological: nasal microbiota transplant (NMT)

indirect NMT

Experimental group

Description:

swab parent nares, inoculate swab into saline, instill liquid into neonate nares

Treatment:

Biological: nasal microbiota transplant (NMT)

placebo

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

instill sterile saline into neonate nares

Treatment:

Biological: Placebo