Patient-Centered, Interprofessional Approach to Improve Functional Outcomes in a Skilled Nursing Facility

University of Colorado Denver (CU Denver)

Status: Completed

Conditions: Physical Disability

Treatments: Other: High-Intensity Rehabilitation plus Mobility (HeRo)

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT04300413

19-2490

Details and patient eligibility

About

During a hospital stay, older adults often become physically deconditioned and lose their ability to perform activities of daily living. Afterwards, they commonly require rehabilitation in a skilled nursing facility to regain independence. Even at discharge, however, many older adults are still far below their pre-hospitalization level of function making them at risk for adverse events such as falls, rehospitalizations, and loss of independence. Two reasons for inadequate outcomes may include that 1) physical and occupational therapy interventions are delivered at too low an intensity to incur substantial physiological gains, and 2) residents are largely sedentary outside of structured therapy time. These two problems represent critical targets for interventions that optimize care in skilled nursing facilities. Therefore, the investigators designed High-Intensity Rehabilitation + Mobility (HeRo), a patient-centered approach to skilled nursing facility care that incorporates a combination of high-intensity (i.e. high resistance, low repetition) functionally-based resistance training along with a structured mobility program outside of therapy time.

HeRo includes: 1) a team approach to patient-centered care; 2) a physical activity intervention that incorporates principals of behavioral economics, which uses incentives, goal setting, and gamification to optimize patient engagement and health outcomes and 3) a challenging, high-intensity rehabilitation intervention that pushes patients to expand their limits. The investigators expect that HeRo will improve physical function and physical activity while reducing sedentary time for older adults in the skilled nursing facility. The study team will assess the feasibility and acceptability of HeRo for multiple stakeholders including patients, physical and occupational therapists, nursing staff, and administration. This research will improve patient care in the skilled nursing facility environment, getting older adults on a fast track to developing independence after a hospital stay.

Enrollment: 21 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 50+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Adults over 50 who are admitted to a skilled nursing facility following hospitalization
• Qualify to receive at least physical therapy services
• Ambulatory prior to hospitalization

Exclusion criteria

1. Patients with neurological disorders such as acute stroke or acute traumatic brain injury

2. Patients on hospice care

3. Patient with conditions where strength training is contraindicated (as indicated by the American College of Sports Medicine Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription):

   1. Recent unstable fracture
   2. Advanced congestive heart failure
   3. Bone metastasis sites
   4. Tumors in strengthening target areas
   5. Acute Illness
   6. Recent myocardial infarction (within 3-6 weeks)
   7. Weight bearing restrictions on graft or fracture sites
   8. Exposed tendon or muscle
   9. Absence of pedal pulses
   10. Presence of fistula
   11. Platelet levels <50,000/μL

4. Weight-bearing precautions and inability to ambulate prior to hospitalization

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: N/A

Interventional model: Single Group Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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21 participants in 1 patient group

High-Intensity Rehabilitation plus Mobility (HeRo)

Experimental group

Description:

The HeRo group will receive a behavior-change intervention based in the principals of behavioral economics to improve mobility. Physical and occupational therapists have been trained to deliver a high-intensity, functional intervention as the standard of care in this skilled nursing facility.

Treatment:

Other: High-Intensity Rehabilitation plus Mobility (HeRo)