Perception of Time by Individuals With Eating Disorders

Malgorzata Starzomska

Status: Completed

Conditions: Feeding and Eating Disorders

Treatments: Other: Questionnaires

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT03759444

PBF-31/16

Details and patient eligibility

About

The objective of the study was to determine how patients with eating disorders perceive time, and in particular whether their experience of time differs from that of healthy individuals. Another goal was to examine the relationship between the mood of the subjects and their time perspective. The subjects were 30 women with eating disorders and 30 age-matched healthy female controls. The three measures applied were: the Time Metaphors Questionnaire by Sobol-Kwapinska, the Time Perspective Inventory by Zimbardo, and the UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist (UMACL) by Matthews et al.

Full description

The objective of the study was to determine how individuals with eating disorders perceive time, and in particular whether their experience of time differs from that of healthy persons. Another aim was to investigate the relationship between the mood of the subjects and their time perception as well as determine a variable moderating that relationship.

First, it was expected that eating-disordered patients experience time as a rather aversive and unfriendly force marked with chaos and void, in contrast to healthy subjects, who were predicted to treat it as something more friendly, appreciating its subtleties and the significance of the moment (Hypothesis 1).

Moreover, it was expected that individuals with eating disorders would exhibit a more negative temporal orientation, whether past or present, as compared to healthy controls, who would reveal more positive past, present, or future orientations (Hypothesis 2).

Finally, it was predicted that eating disorders moderate the relationship between mood and time perception (Hypothesis 3).

The study encompassed 30 women with eating disorders (19 patients with anorexia nervosa and 11 patients with bulimia nervosa) and 30 age-matched normal healthy controls. The clinical group consisted of patients of the residential eating disorder therapeutic center "Drzewo zycia" in Malawa as well as some outpatient clinics in Poland; some of the patients were not being actively treated at the time of the study. The controls included psychology students from two Polish universities (the Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University and the University of Finance and Management, both in Warsaw), as well as researchers and educators who volunteered for the study.

The three measures applied in the study were:

• The Time Metaphors Questionnaire by Sobol-Kwapinska;
• Time Perspective Inventory by Zimbardo (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999; see also Zimbardo & Boyd, 2009);
• The UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist (UMACL) (Matthews at al.; see also Gorynska, 2005).

Enrollment: 60 patients

Sex: Female

Ages: 18 to 40 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Clinical diagnosis of eating disorders (anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa)
• Age between 18 and 40 years

Exclusion criteria

• diagnosis of other (except eating disorders) mental disorder
• Age below 18 years and above 40 years

Trial design

60 participants in 2 patient groups

women with eating disorders

Description:

women with eating disorders (age: M = 26.88; SD = 5.82) The three measures applied in this group were: the Time Metaphors Questionnaire by Sobol-Kwapinska (2007), the Time Perspective Inventory by Zimbardo (1999), and the UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist (UMACL) by Matthews et al. (1990).

Treatment:

Other: Questionnaires

healthy female controls.

Description:

healthy female controls (age: M = 24.27; SD = 6.49) The three measures applied in this group were: the Time Metaphors Questionnaire by Sobol-Kwapinska (2007), the Time Perspective Inventory by Zimbardo (1999), and the UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist (UMACL) by Matthews et al. (1990).

Treatment:

Other: Questionnaires