Peri-implant Vitamin D and Cathelicidin (LL-37) Levels

Altinbas University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Peri-Implantitis and Peri-implant Mucositis

Treatments: Diagnostic Test: The patients' periodontal clinical parameters were recorded. PISF samples were collected, and the evaluations of 25(OH)D and LL-37 were conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06867250

2021/45

Details and patient eligibility

About

This research aims to explore the influence of vitamin D on the body's defense system by examining its impact on specific proteins involved in immune response and inflammation in the soft tissues surrounding dental implants. Also aims to determine how vitamin D levels affect these proteins and their role in protecting peri-implant tissues from microbial infections and inflammation.

Full description

This cross-sectional clinical study examined 33 patients with 105 dental implants, classified as having either healthy peri-implant tissues or peri-implant diseases. Participants had not received peri-implant treatment in the past six months or taken medications affecting peri-implant tissues in the last three months. Eligible implants had been functional for at least 12 months with prosthetic superstructures that allowed sample collection. Patients with uncontrolled systemic conditions, metabolic bone diseases, autoimmune disorders, or those who were pregnant or breastfeeding were excluded.

Clinical assessments were conducted at six peri-implant sites, measuring probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), modified plaque index (mPI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), and keratinized mucosa width (KMW). Bone loss was evaluated using radiographs. Patients were categorized into three groups based on the 2017 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases: peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis (35 implants per group).

Peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) samples were collected for 25(OH)D and LL-37 analysis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis included normality tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD, Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's test, chi-square tests, and Spearman's correlation for non-normally distributed data.

Enrollment: 33 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Not received peri-implant treatment in the previous six months.
• Had not used vitamin D supplements, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or any medications that could affect peri-implant tissues in the last three months.
• Patients with dental implants had been in function for at least 12 months, had been under functional loading for at least six months, and had prosthetic superstructures that allowed for unobstructed sample collection.

Exclusion criteria

• Uncontrolled systemic conditions, disorders affecting peri-implant tissues, metabolic bone diseases, autoimmune disorders.
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Trial design

33 participants in 1 patient group

peri-implant healthy, peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis

Description:

A total of 105 dental implants from 33 patients were assessed, with 35 categorized in the peri-implant health group, 35 in the peri-implant mucositis group, and 35 in the peri-implantitis group.

Treatment:

Diagnostic Test: The patients' periodontal clinical parameters were recorded. PISF samples were collected, and the evaluations of 25(OH)D and LL-37 were conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.