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Pharmacologic stress ulcer prophylaxis is routinely used in the intensive care unit (ICU) to prevent upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in critically ill patients.
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Historically, the two independent risk factors for stress-related GI bleeds were coagulopathy and mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours; however, several additional risk factors have been identified, such as shock, multiple organ failure, traumatic brain injury, and major burns.
Acid suppressive medications such as proton pump inhibitors or histamine-2 receptor antagonists are prescribed to reduce the rate of bleeding from stress ulceration despite a lack of benefit from placebo-controlled trials. In addition to lack of proven benefit, the incidence of clinically significant stress-related GI bleeding has decreased over time, likely due to improvements in critical care and earlier enteral feeding.
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If patient has one of the following:
If patient has two or more of the following:
120 participants in 2 patient groups
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Data sourced from clinicaltrials.gov
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