Pharmacists' Interventions to Improve Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease

University of Maiduguri

Status: Completed

Conditions: Chronic Kidney Diseases

Treatments: Device: Digital BP monitor (Chidalex®)

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT05254392

PharmBP

Details and patient eligibility

About

The aims of the study were to determine whether pharmacists' interventions combining patient home-based self-measured BP monitoring improve blood pressure reduction and control compared with usual care in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients

Full description

This is a prospective randomized two-group pharmacist-led interventional study that was conducted in two public nephrology clinics. The study involved the introduction of pharmaceutical care to improve blood pressure and adherence to the prescribed medications among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Recruited patients were randomly divided into two groups; the intervention group and the control group, with baseline evaluation of outcomes measured.

The Control group was provided with usual care. An intervention group was provided in addition to the usual care, face-to-face education on CKD, hypertension as a co-morbidity and its management, and antihypertensive medication adherence at baseline (group education), 6 months and 12 months (individualized according to each patient's needs), CKD patient educational infographic leaflet at baseline, a calibrated sphygmomanometer digital blood pressure monitor (Chidalex®) for home-based self-measured BP monitoring, a BP logbook at baseline for the recording of blood pressure values daily and hands-on training on BP self-measurement. Also, antihypertensive medication adherence and home-based self-measured BP monitoring, reminder cell phone text messages were sent biweekly throughout the trial period, while phone-in inquiries from the participants and phone-out reinforcement interventions were utilized throughout the trial period.

Both groups were followed for a period of 12 months.

Enrollment: 147 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 85 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• CKD stages 1 - 4,
• Voluntary written informed consent,
• Willingness to abide by the rules of trial, and
• Availability during the trial duration

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with acute renal failure,
• CKD stage 5,
• Pregnant or lactating women,
• Post-renal transplant patients,
• Patients with HIV infection,
• Critically ill patients or patients known to have cognitive impairment.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Health Services Research

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Double Blind

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147 participants in 2 patient groups

Usual Care

No Intervention group

Description:

Participants in the UC arm received the usual/conventional care offered by the hospitals which included: hospital visits on appointment or a sick day, consultations with the physicians, prescription of drugs and routine laboratory tests, review of diagnosis and medications, refilling of prescriptions by patients and referral.

Pharmacists' Intervention

Experimental group

Description:

Participants in the PI arm received routine usual care plus pharmacists' interventions for 12 months. The PI arm received usual care plus face-to-face education on CKD, hypertension as a co-morbidity and its management, and antihypertensive medication adherence at baseline (group education), 6 months and 12 months (individualized according to each patient's needs), CKD patient educational infographic leaflet at baseline, a calibrated sphygmomanometer digital BP monitor (Chidalex®) for HSMBM, a BP logbook at baseline for the recording of BP values daily and hands-on training on BP self-measurement. Also, antihypertensive medication adherence and HSMBM reminder cell phone text messages were sent biweekly throughout the trial period, while phone-in inquiries from the participants and phone-out reinforcement interventions were utilized throughout the trial period

Treatment:

Device: Digital BP monitor (Chidalex®)