Pharmacological and Nonpharmacological Methods for Children in Venipuncture Pain

Aynur Aytekin Ozdemir

Status: Completed

Conditions: Fear Pain; Procedural Pain Relief

Treatments: Device: Buzzy; Drug: Cold spray; Drug: EMLA Cream

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06901271

2018-3/19

Details and patient eligibility

About

This study aimed to examine the effect of EMLA cream, cold spray, and Buzzy applied during venipuncture on the pain and fear levels of children aged 7-12 years.

Full description

The International Guide to Pediatric Anesthesia (Good Practice in Postoperative and Procedural Pain) recommends pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods to effectively manage and prevent acute procedural pain in children. Nonpharmacological methods alone or in combination with pharmacological methods help reduce pain, and therefore, have become popular especially in recent years. For pain management, nonpharmacological methods are easy to use, and cost- and time-effective methods with no side effects. Studies have evaluated a large number of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for procedural pain management in children. However, most of those interventions are not used by healthcare professionals because they are expensive, time-consuming or hard to use. Therefore, easy-to-use, practical, non-invasive, cost-effective, and reusable pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods can be used especially in acute settings. EMLA cream, cold spray, and Buzzy examined in this study may serve as alternative effective pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods to reduce venipuncture pain and fear.

Enrollment: 192 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 7 to 12 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• being between the ages of 7 to 12 years,
• literate,
• requiring blood tests

Exclusion criteria

• having chronic diseases,
• hospital stay for treatment,
• visual, audio, or speech impairments,
• a history of allergies,
• mental disorders,
• history of sedative, analgesic, or narcotic use within 24 h before admission,
• inflammatory disease during admission.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Supportive Care

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

---

192 participants in 4 patient groups

Control Group

No Intervention group

Description:

The control group received the routine venipuncture procedure.

Intervention 1 Group

Experimental group

Description:

In this group, EMLA cream was applied to the procedure area (antecubital region) 60 minutes before the venipuncture procedure. Then, the venipuncture procedure was performed.

Treatment:

Drug: EMLA Cream

Intervention 2 Group

Experimental group

Description:

In this group, cold spray was applied to the procedure area for 5 seconds just before the venipuncture procedure. Then, the venipuncture procedure was performed.

Treatment:

Drug: Cold spray

Intervention 3 Group

Experimental group

Description:

In this group, Buzzy was placed in the procedure area. Buzzy was operated for 60 seconds. Then, the venipuncture procedure was performed. It also operated during this procedure.

Treatment:

Device: Buzzy