Post-Exercise Hypotension After Water Exercise

Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul

Status: Completed

Conditions: Postexercise Hypotension

Treatments: Other: Water aerobic exercise session (WATER)

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT03112070

Water Exercise

Details and patient eligibility

About

Hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease risk factor among individuals 60 years of age and older. Hypertension can be prevented and modified with lifestyle interventions that include regular exercise. Water exercise is widely recommended for older adults for a variety of health benefits, but few studies have assessed the immediate ambulatory blood pressure (BP) response to water exercise, a response termed postexercise hypotension (PEH). We will assess PEH after a session of water aerobics in physically active, older women with hypertension. Twenty-four women will be randomly assign to participate in a 45 min session of moderate intensity, water aerobics (WATER) and a 45 min land control session (CONTROL). All experimental sessions will start at 9 am sharply with 7 days between them. Subjects will left the experiments wearing an ambulatory BP monitor for the next 21 hr.

Enrollment: 24 patients

Sex: Female

Ages: 65 to 80 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• resting SBP ≤ 160 mmHg and DBP ≤ 100 mmHg documented by a physician;
• 65 to 80 years of age;
• physically active on land but not water (exercising 3 or more days per week as determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire long-form).

Exclusion criteria

• any febrile condition and/or infectious diseases;
• no other chronic diseases or conditions other than hypertension;
• body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m2;
• active smoker;
• physical or mental limitations that prevent exercising.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Crossover Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

---

24 participants in 2 patient groups

Water aerobic exercise session (WATER)

Experimental group

Description:

A continuous session of dynamic water aerobic exercise which consist of a dynamic warm-up period (5 minutes), an active exercise period (35 minutes), and a cooldown period (5 minutes) to total 45 minutes. Heart rate (HR) will be continuously measured with heart monitors (Polar) to confirm the intensity of the WATER session. The WATER intensity will be calculated according to the formula proposed by Kruel for exercise in an aquatic environment18 as follows: HR for exercise = % x (HRmax - ΔHR); % is the intensity of exercise; HRmax is the maximum HR (estimated by 220 - age); ΔHR represents the difference between resting HR on land and resting HR in the water environment. Exercise intensities: 55-60% HRmax during warm-up; 70-75% HRmax during active exercise; and 55-60% HRmax during cooldown.

Treatment:

Other: Water aerobic exercise session (WATER)

Control session (CONTROL)

No Intervention group

Description:

A 45-min session with no exercise. During this session, participants will remain seated or standing as desired. They will read, talk, and drink water, but do nothing else.