Precision Probiotic Supplementation in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment

National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University

Status: Not yet enrolling

Conditions: Mild Cognitive Impairment

Treatments: Dietary Supplement: Precision probiotics

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other; Other U.S. Federal agency

Identifiers

NCT06278688

112R10438Y

Details and patient eligibility

About

The overarching goal of this randomized-controlled trial is to investigate the role and mechanism of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in MCI. The main questions it aims to answer are:

Aim 1: To investigate the association between gut microbiota, MCI and AD biomarkers. Investigators plan to compare gut microbiota profiles in a well-characterized cohort between individuals with MCI and cognitively normal adults using metagenomics sequencing data. Also, the relationship between gut microbiota and AD biomarkers, such as amyloid PET and plasma tau, will be explored in MCI and cognitively normal adults.

Aim 2: To determine the efficacy of precision probiotic supplementation on cognitive decline (primary outcome) and functional brain changes (secondary outcome) in individuals with MCI due to AD using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Investigators plan to recruit 120 individuals with MCI due to AD, i.e., MCI with positive amyloid biomarkers. Participants will be randomized to a 12-month supplement of precision probiotics based on the individual gut probiotic profile or placebo. The primary outcome measure will be the changes in cognitive functions over 6 months (primary endpoint) and 12 months. The secondary outcome measure will be resting-state functional brain changes.

Aim 3: To investigate potential mediators underlying the effect of probiotic supplementation. The most apparent mediator will be a shift or changes in gut microbiota. Other potential mediators will be related to decreased lipopolysaccharide, proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10, and increased brain- derived neurotrophic factor, short-chain fatty acid, etc.

Full description

Given the rapidly aging trend worldwide and in Taiwan, the disease burden and economic impact of dementia on families, healthcare systems, and society are expected to increase unprecedentedly. It is estimated that interventions that could delay the clinical onset of dementia by a modest one year would significantly reduce the prevalence of dementia. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) presents an early stage of cognitive impairment with a much higher risk of progression to dementia and a unique stage, potentially amenable to intervention, preventing further decline to dementia.

The microbiota-gut-brain axis is one of the most-studied gut-organ systems, and accumulating evidence shows gut microbiota might play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the role of gut microbiota in the early stage of the AD spectrum, such as MCI, is unclear. Also, the effects of the probiotic supplements on cognition in patients with AD or MCI from several small randomized-controlled trials were inconsistent. Fixed regimens of probiotics were used in all these trials, and patients with MCI diagnosed by diverse research frameworks were included. As a result, the overarching goal of this proposal is to investigate the role and mechanism of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in MCI. Investigators will use data from a well-characterized cohort and a randomized controlled trial with a "precision" probiotic supplementation, i.e., a probiotic supplement based on individual gut probiotic profile, in a group of MCI due to AD, i.e., MCI with positive amyloid biomarkers.

Enrollment: 120 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 60+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• 60 years old and above
• Diagnosis of MCI based on 2011 NIA-AA criteria
• Amyloid (+) measured by either amyloid PET imaging or CSF amyloid markers
• No dietary supplements, including other probiotics, yogurts with live, active cultures or supplements, and immune-enhancing supplements in the past three months (or wash-out period for three months for individuals taking supplements)
• No use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, gastrointestinal medicine within the past three months (or wash-out period for three months for individuals taking medications)
• Consenting to be randomly assigned intervention

Exclusion criteria

• Currently undergoing cancer treatment.
• The anticipated life expectancy of less than six months.
• Suffering from severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Double Blind

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120 participants in 2 patient groups, including a placebo group

Precision probiotics

Experimental group

Description:

The precision probiotics will be designed based on the results of probiotic signatures and consensus clustering described in the PRELIMINARY AND SUPPORTING Data section and available probiotics from GenMont Biotech Inc. (https://www.genmont.com.tw/)

Treatment:

Dietary Supplement: Precision probiotics

Placebo (wait-list group)

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

Placebo packets or capsules will be composed of maize starch only and be identical in appearance, weight, and smell. After completing trials, the Placebo group will be provided with a 6- month precision probiotic supplement.

Treatment:

Dietary Supplement: Precision probiotics