Predictive Role of f-QRST Angle in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (f-QRST in SAH)

Haseki Training and Research Hospital

Status: Completed

Conditions: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Aneurysmal

Treatments: Other: modified Fisher scale; Other: Hunt-Hess scale; Other: frontal-QRST angle

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT07196891

135-2025

Details and patient eligibility

About

The investigators investigated the association between the frontal QRS/T angle measured on admission ECG and 28-day mortality, as well as neurological outcome in patients with non-traumatic aneurysmal SAH. Specifically, the investigators tested the hypothesis that an increased frontal QRS/T angle would be independently associated with higher mortality and poorer clinical outcomes in patients with SAH. Accordingly, the investigators also analyzed the relationship between the frontal QRS/T angle and neurological status assessed based on Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), as well as disease severity determined by the Hunt-Hess and Fisher grading systems.

Full description

Patients were divided into two groups: survivors and non-survivors. Survivors were further classified as mobile or immobile according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Patients who remained comatose or dependent in daily activities were classified as immobile (GOS 1-3), while those who returned to normal life or were able to perform daily activities independently were classified as mobile (GOS 4-5). Demographic and clinical characteristics as well as ECG findings were compared between these groups, and the relationship between the frontal QRS/T angle, 28-day mortality, and disease severity was evaluated. Independent predictors of mortality were determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis of variables (demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and ECG changes) that differed significantly between survivors and non-survivors. An area under the curve (AUC) analysis was then conducted to identify the predictive role of the f-QRST angle in patients with SAH.

Enrollment: 354 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

- patients (aged ≥ 18 years) who presented to the emergency department with non-traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage between July 2020 and July 2025

Exclusion criteria

• patients younger than 18 years
• patients with missing information
• patients with traumatic SAH
• patients with subdural or epidural hemorrhage
• patients with concurrent ischemic stroke

Trial design

354 participants in 2 patient groups

Survivors

Description:

Survivors were defined as patients who were still alive after 28 days of admission to the emergency department.

Treatment:

Other: frontal-QRST angle

Other: Hunt-Hess scale

Other: modified Fisher scale

Non-survivors

Description:

Non-survivors had passed away within 28 days of admission to the emergency department.

Treatment:

Other: frontal-QRST angle

Other: Hunt-Hess scale

Other: modified Fisher scale