Preoperative Daptomycin Prophylaxis in Two-Stage Exchange Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded Trial

Chang Gung Medical Foundation

Status: Not yet enrolling

Conditions: Periprosthetic Joint Infection

Treatments: Drug: Cefazolin with vancomycin; Drug: Cefazolin with Daptomycin

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06189885

202301864A3

Details and patient eligibility

About

The gold standard for treating prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is two-stage exchange arthroplasty. This includes the first stage of debridement and removal of the artificial joint, and the second stage of reimplantation of the artificial joint. Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is one of the factors leading to the failure of artificial joint infection treatment. Before the second stage of the joint surgery, the surgeon will prescribe prophylactic antibiotics based on previous bacterial cultures. The usual preoperative antibiotic is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. If it is MRSA, vancomycin will be given. Increasingly, literature reports link prosthetic joint infections to MRSA, but no changes have been made to the routine recommendation for MRSA prophylactic antibiotic use.

Daptomycin is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic that can rapidly penetrate biofilms and bones, and its safety and tolerability have been confirmed. Therefore, it can effectively combat Gram-positive organisms, including MRSA. Daptomycin has many characteristics of an ideal prophylactic: short infusion time, low adverse events during administration, and a range limited to Gram-positive organisms. We aim to assess whether adding antibiotics that cover MRSA would reduce prosthetic joint infections and increase surgical success rates, in addition to the standard recommended prophylactic antibiotics. Thus, this prospective randomized trial is designed to assess, besides using the first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, the effects of adding an antibiotic with MRSA coverage (Daptomycin vs. Vancomycin).

Enrollment: 184 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 90 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

1. Patients aged 18 or older with an infection that meets the 2018 International Consensus Meeting (ICM) criteria7 at the time of the first-stage resection arthroplasty with a gram-positive organism, especially MRSA.
2. Will undergo a second stage of reimplantation.

Exclusion criteria

1. Patients with a fungal infection or culture-negative infections
2. Known allergies to Cefazolin, Daptomycin, or Vancomycin.
3. Currently receiving surgical treatment for acute postoperative or acute hematogenous PJI.
4. Chronic kidney disease (Creatinine Clearance Rate [CCR] < 30 ml/min/1.73m2)

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Single Group Assignment

Masking: Quadruple Blind

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184 participants in 2 patient groups

Preoperative Daptomycin Prophylaxis in Two-Stage Exchange Arthroplasty

Experimental group

Treatment:

Drug: Cefazolin with Daptomycin

Preoperative Vancomycin Prophylaxis in Two-Stage Exchange Arthroplasty

Experimental group

Treatment:

Drug: Cefazolin with vancomycin