Racial and Aging Effects of Acute Antioxidant Supplementation (RACE)

University of Illinois

Status: Completed

Conditions: Healthy

Treatments: Dietary Supplement: Antioxidant; Other: Placebo

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT02157207

2013-0980

Details and patient eligibility

About

This research is,being done to better understand how antioxidants (vitamins C, E and Alpha Lipoic Acid) af,f,ect the heart,and arteries. For this study, we will obtain blood samples to measure oxidative stress markers (substances in the blood that are linked to oxidative stress), cholesterol, insulin and blood glucose (sugar), as well as measure how well the heart and arteries are working following supplementation with the antioxidants.

Our central hypothesis is that acute antioxidant supplementation will improve arterial function at rest and during exercise in African Americans without an impact of age, whereas aging will modify these effects in Caucasians.

Full description

The overall goal of this application is to investigate the effect of aging on how acute antioxidant supplementation affects decrements in arterial function observed in African Americans (AA). Additionally, this application will facilitate the applicant's emergence as an independent investigator in integrative clinical physiology. Oxidative stress (OS), contributes to hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, atherosclerosis, sepsis and aging. Increased OS leads to the development of endothelial dysfunction and subsequent development of cardiovascular disease through the inactivation of nitric oxide (NO) by superoxide (O2) and other free radicals. African Americans (AA) have increased OS and inflammation in vivo and in vitro, and have a lower serum concentration of most antioxidants. Endothelial cells of AAs have steady state NO/ O2/ONOO- balance that is close to redox state, which is a characteristic of endothelium impaired function disorders. Endothelium-derived NO is a vasodilator and inhibits monocyte adhesion and platelet activity and therefore is important in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. These specific differences in OS could be a contributing mechanism to the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease, especially hypertension and heart failure, observed in AA. Aging causes increases in OS, endothelial dysfunction, and decreased arterial compliance, thus increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Acute supra-physiological dosages of antioxidants have been shown to transiently restore endothelial function in older adults and patients with coronary artery disease and hypertension by scavenging free radicals.However, it is unknown if acute antioxidant supplementation can diminish differences in vascular function between AA and Caucasians (CA). It is also unknown if acute antioxidant supplementation with known efficacy will differentially affect blood flow in AA vs CA during exercise.

Enrollment: 93 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 75 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• 18-35 or 55-75 years of age
• General Good health
• Without diagnosed atherosclerotic disease
• Without metabolic or inflammatory disease
• Do not use antioxidant vitamin supplementation
• Do not use anti-inflammatory medication within last 2 weeks
• Do not use steroidal substances within past 2 weeks
• Participants on medications (not listed in the Exclusion Criteria) will take medication as normal on all days of study visits.

Exclusion criteria

• Current smoker
• Severe obesity (BMI>40 kg/m2)
• Blood pressure greater than 140/90 mmHg
• Diabetes (fasting glucose >110 mg/dl)
• Hyperlipidemia (total cholesterol >240 mg/dl)
• Inflammatory disease (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc)
• Diagnosed atherosclerotic heart disease
• Diagnosed cardiac arrhythmia
• Bacterial, viral or upper respiratory infection within past 1 month
• Bleeding disorder
• Anticoagulant medication
• Pregnant women

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Crossover Assignment

Masking: Double Blind

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93 participants in 2 patient groups, including a placebo group

Placebo

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

Placebo will be ingested in front of laboratory personnel in two doses, separated by 30 minutes to increase absorption, consumed 90 and 60 minutes before the testing protocol. Placebo microcrystalline cellulose capsules will be of similar taste, color and appearance.

Treatment:

Other: Placebo

Dietary Supplement: Antioxidant

Antioxidant

Experimental group

Description:

Supplementation will be ingested in front of laboratory personnel in two doses, separated by 30 minutes to increase absorption, consumed 90 and 60 minutes before the testing protocol. The first dose will consist of 300 mg of α-lipoic acid, 500 mg of vitamin C, and 200 IU of vitamin E, and the second dose will be 300 mg of α-lipoic acid, 500 mg of vitamin C, and 400 IU. of vitamin E.

Treatment:

Other: Placebo

Dietary Supplement: Antioxidant