Radio-chemotherapy With or Without Panitumumab (Vectibix®) in Irresectable Squamous Cell Carcinoma or Adenocarcinoma of the Oesophagus (PANORAMIC)

Radboud University Medical Center

Status and phase

Terminated

Phase 2

Conditions

Irresectable Squamous Cell or Adenocarcinoma of the Oesophagus

Treatments

Drug: CRT + Panitumumab

Drug: Concurrent chemoradiation therapy without panitumumab

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

NCT01262183

UMCNONCO200905

Details and patient eligibility

About

For esophageal cancer that can not be removed by surgery, the choice of treatment is a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We call this combination- (or concurrent) chemoradiotherapy. Chemotherapy is treatment with drugs that kill cancer cells. Both chemotherapy and radiotherapy make the tumour smaller and enhance each other's effect. The goal of treatment with chemotherapy and radiation therapy is to cure the cancer. Unfortunately only a small proportion of patients are cured with this treatment.

Improvements in the outcome of treatment may be expected by using the so-called "targeted" treatments. With esophageal cancer, a protein (the epidermal growth factor receptor (this is a kind of trap), the EGFR), is present in many tumours. This protein causes the tumor to grow. Panitumumab is a drug that blocks the functioning of this receptor (catcher), so that possibly the growth and spread of esophageal cancer is prevented.

The main objective of this trial is to see if survival of patients with inoperable esophageal cancer improves as panitumumab is added to standard treatment with chemoradiotherapy.

It will also investigate whether patients tolerate the addition of panitumumab to the standard treatment. Also, the biological characteristics of the tumor will be examined. In a proportion of patients it will be determined how the enhancement of the cancer is visible on an FDG-PET scan before the start of treatment and how this changes during the treatment. It will be also be evaluated how this treatment affects the survival.

Full description

A complete response rate of approximately 30% is achieved for standard treatment of irresectable carcinoma of the oesophagus, consisting of concurrent chemoradiation therapy (50.5 Gy + cisplatin/5-FU). Attempts to improve outcome by intensifying conventional cytotoxic drugs or increasing the radiation dose have not been successful. Future improvements will likely require the incorporation of targeted agents that probably will not add significant toxicity, the use of molecular predictors of response and early identification of responders. In both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus expression of EGFR is correlated with poor outcome. Furthermore the addition of cetuximab, a chimaeric EGFR antibody, to radiation therapy in head and neck cancer and non-small cell lung cancer showed a gain in overall survival. In head and neck cancer studies with the addition of panitumumab to chemo-radiation therapy are currently ongoing. Therefore, we propose to perform a randomised phase II study of chemo-radiation therapy with or without the combination of panitumumab (human EGFR antibody) in irresectable squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus without distant metastases.

Enrollment

4 patients

Sex

All

Ages

18 to 70 years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Age 18 - 70years
Histology proven SCC or adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus
No proven (distant) metastases (ultrasonography, CT or MRI)
No prior treatment for carcinoma of the oesophagus
Karnofsky performance status ≥70% (appendix A)
Irresectable disease as assessed by the multidisciplinary tumour board
All patients (male and female) must use effective contraception methods according to CPMP/ICH/286/95 if of reproductive potential (e.g. implants, injectables, combined oral contraceptives, IUDs, sexual abstinence or vasectomised partner), for the whole duration of the study and until six months after they received the last treatment dose
No contraindications for cytotoxic therapy or panitumumab:
No known hypersensitivity/allergy to any of the compounds used
Haematology: Neutrophil count ≥ 1.5∙109 /L Thrombocyte count ≥ 100∙109 /L Haemoglobin ≥ 6.2 mmol/L (100 g/L)
No known HIV infection or other condition of persistent immunodeficiency
Renal function:
Creatinine clearance (MDRD) ≥ 60 mL/min
Hepatic function:
Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5∙ULN
AST, ALT, AP ≤ 2.5∙ULN
Electrolyte balance:
(albumin corrected) calcium ≤ 2.87 mmol/L (=11.5 mg/dl) but ≥ lower limit of normal (LLN)
Magnesium ≥ LLN
History of interstitial lung disease e.g. pneumonitis or pulmonary fibrosis or evidence of interstitial lung disease on baseline chest CT scan.
No known other serious illness or medical condition present at entry in the study including: Unstable cardiac disease despite treatment, congestive heart failure NYHA grade 3 and 4 Clinically significantly abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) below the institutional ULN
Clinically significant cardiovascular disease (including myocardial infarction, unstable angina, symptomatic congestive heart failure, serious uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia) ≤ 1 year before enrolment/randomisation
Significant neurologic or psychiatric disorders
Active uncontrolled infection Active disseminated intravasal coagulation
Symptomatic peripheral neuropathy (CTCAE v3.0 term "neuropathy: sensory") ≥ grade 2 Ototoxicity (CTCAE v3.0 any term in "auditory/ear") ≥ grade 2 except if due to trauma or mechanical impairment due to tumour mass
Other serious underlying medical condition which could impair the ability of the patient to participate in the study No or insufficient oral nutrient intake
No prior exposure to EGFR pathway targeting agents
No known drug abuse
Absence of any psychological, familial, sociological (e.g. severe alcohol addiction expected to hamper protocol compliance) or geographical condition potentially hampering compliance with the study protocol and follow-up schedule; those conditions should be discussed with the patient before registration in the trial
No participation in another interventional clinical trial in the preceding 30 days
Written informed consent to participate to study must be given according to ICH/GCP, and national/local regulations.

Exclusion criteria

Prior treatment for this tumour
Prior treatment with radiation therapy in the area of the oesophagus or other site that will interfere with proposed treatment
Subject pregnant or breast feeding, or planning to become pregnant within 6 months after the end of treatment.
Subject (male or female) is not willing to use highly effective methods of contraception (per institutional standard) during treatment and for 6 months (male or female) after the end of treatment.
History of other prior malignancy in past 5 years, other than basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or cervical carcinoma in situ.

Exclusion criteria for the PET-scan (secondary endpoint)

For the PET-scan the following exclusion criteria are used: