Randomized Controlled Trial of Anticoagulation vs. Placebo for a First Symptomatic Isolated Distal Deep-vein Thrombosis (IDDVT) (CACTUS-PTS)

University Hospitals (UH)

Status and phase

Completed

Phase 3

Conditions

Distal (Calf) Deep-vein Thrombosis

Treatments

Drug: Placebo

Drug: nadroparine calcium

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

NCT00421538

3200B0-105991

CACTUS-PTS Trial

Details and patient eligibility

About

CACTUS-PTS is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study which aims primarily to determine the effectiveness of a 6 week course of therapeutic-dose LMWH (nadroparine) injections vs. placebo in patients with a first symptomatic isolated distal (calf) deep-vein thrombosis (IDDVT), as measured by rate of proximal DVT and symptomatic PE at 6 weeks. Additionally, the study aims to determine if the 6 week course of treatment with therapeutic-dose LMWH (nadroparine) injections, compared to placebo, decreases the frequency of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) at 1 year.

Full description

The CACTUS-PTS study will compare anticoagulant treatment for 6 weeks versus placebo in acute, symptomatic distal DVT. Patients will be randomized to receive either a six-week period of LMWH at therapeutic dosage or a six-week period of placebo. All patients will be treated with elastic compression stockings and followed-up with a standardized ultrasonography protocol. Strict ultrasonographic diagnostic criteria for distal DVT have been defined. Control compression ultrasonography will be performed between days 3 and 7 and at six weeks after inclusion. The primary outcome will be a composite of the proportion of patients with extension of the thrombus to the proximal veins (detected by the programmed ultrasound examinations or by an ultrasound performed because of recurrent symptoms) or symptomatic PE in both arms of the study during the 6-weeks study period. Patients with such an outcome will be anticoagulated as currently admitted in presence of a proximal DVT. Secondary outcomes will be the individual components of the composite endpoint (distal DVT extension to proximal veins; symptomatic PE), major bleeding, serious adverse events and death reported at 6 weeks and 90 days. To answer the research question of the PTS add-on study, patients will self-assess and be assessed for PTS by a clinician using the Villalta scale, 1 year following their enrolment into the trial. In addition, patients will complete a Quality of Life (QOL) questionnaire. The QOL questionnaire will be comprised of both the VEINES-QOL and SF-36. The primary outcome is the rate of PTS, with secondary outcomes of QOL scores and PTS severity.

Enrollment

260 patients

Sex

All

Ages

18+ years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

All outpatients with an acute, symptomatic, distal DVT will be included in the study, provided they correspond to the following diagnostic and exclusion criteria, and they have signed an informed consent form.

Exclusion criteria

Age less than 18 years
Previously objectively diagnosed DVT or PE
Distal DVT involving the tibioperoneal trunk (i.e. calf trifurcation)
Clinically suspected pulmonary embolism
Active cancer, receiving cancer treatment or cancer considered cured for <6 months
Ipsilateral or contralateral proximal DVT
Indication for long-term anticoagulation (e.g. atrial fibrillation, mechanical heart valve...)
Pregnancy
Thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100 g/l)
Impaired renal function (serum creatinine > 180 micromol/l or clearance to creatinine less than 30 ml/min)
Known hypersensitivity to heparin
Presence of an active bleeding or a pathology susceptible of bleeding in presence of anticoagulation (gastric ulcer, cerebral malignant disease...)
Treatment with daily NSAIDs (aspirin ≤160 mg/day permitted)
Body weight >115 kg or <40 kg
Treatment with therapeutic doses of anticoagulants for >2 days, corresponding to: 2 injections of LMWH if once daily therapeutic LMWH used; 3 injections of LMWH if twice-daily therapeutic LMWH used; 1 dose of oral vitamin K antagonist (e.g. warfarin)
Ongoing requirement for prophylactic dose thromboprophylaxis (e.g. acute post-op patient receiving thromboprophylaxis)
Enrolled in another clinical trial within previous 30 days
Inability or refusal to provide informed consent