Randomized Trial of Buprenorphine Microdose Inductions During Hospitalization (Micro-bupe)

Montefiore Medicine Academic Health System

Status and phase: Terminated; Phase 4

Conditions: Opioid-use Disorder; Chronic Pain; Substance Use Disorders

Treatments: Drug: TAU; Drug: BUP microdose induction; Behavioral: Linkage to outpatient BUP treatment

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other; NIH

Identifiers

NCT05118204

1RM1DA055437-01 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

2021-13311

Details and patient eligibility

About

Investigators will test a novel protocol for starting BUP (buprenorphine-naloxone) treatment. The BUP microdose induction protocol has participants start very low doses of BUP without stopping other opioids that they are taking. The treatment as usual (TAU) has participants stop other opioids and experience opioid withdrawal before starting BUP. Investigators propose to test BUP microdose inductions vs. TAU in a randomized controlled trial.

Full description

Investigators will conduct a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation study, using a pragmatic, open-label, randomized controlled trial (RCT). Investigators will randomize 270 hospitalized patients with (a) chronic pain and (b) opioid misuse or opioid use disorder (OUD) to a 5-day BUP microdose induction protocol (without stopping full agonists) or 2-day standard induction (with stopping full agonists), and then link participants to outpatient BUP treatment when they are released from the hospital. Study assessment visits will occur at baseline, 1 week, and 1, 3, and 6 months. Assessments will include interviews and urine drug tests to determine whether participants start BUP, continue BUP, have improvements in pain and decrease illicit opioid use. During induction and 3-months of follow-up, investigators will also collect data on mobile devices to assess opioid withdrawal, opioid craving, pain, and anxiety. These data will allow investigators to assess whether BUP microdosing targets of engagement-opioid- and pain-related symptoms-mediate OUD outcomes. Exploratory analyses will also examine pain as a trigger for opioid relapse.

Aim 1: To test the effectiveness of BUP microdose induction (vs. TAU) on OUD outcomes.

H1: The microdose arm (vs. TAU) will have better BUP treatment uptake and retention, and less illicit opioid use.

H2: Improvements in H1 will be mediated by opioid- and pain-related symptoms.

Aim 2: To test the effectiveness of microdosing (vs. TAU) on pain outcomes. H3: The microdose arm (vs. TAU) will have less pain intensity and interference, and improved quality of life.

H4: Improvements in H3 will be mediated by OUD outcomes.

Aim 3: To inform future implementation and dissemination efforts, investigators will:

3a) Examine factors influencing reach, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of BUP microdosing. Investigators will use qualitative and quantitative methods to describe multi-level factors influencing these domains; 3b) Calculate the cost and examine cost-effectiveness of BUP microdosing. H5: Compared with TAU, BUP microdosing will be cost-effective from a societal and a health sector perspective.

Enrollment: 23 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Age > 18 years
• Opioid misuse or OUD
• Chronic pain
• Currently taking opioids
• Fluency in English or Spanish
• Planned hospitalization for ≥ 48 hours

Exclusion criteria

• Current OUD treatment (BUP, methadone, naltrexone)
• Severe alcohol or benzodiazepine use disorder
• Hypersensitivity to BUP or naloxone
• Pain due to malignancy
• Severe untreated mental illness (suicidality, psychosis)
• Pregnancy
• Unable to consent due to pain or cognitive impairment

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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23 participants in 2 patient groups

BUP microdose induction

Experimental group

Description:

Participants in this arm will receive a novel BUP microdose induction protocol.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Linkage to outpatient BUP treatment

Drug: BUP microdose induction

Treatment As Usual (TAU)

Active Comparator group

Description:

Participants in this arm will receive standard BUP induction protocol.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Linkage to outpatient BUP treatment

Drug: TAU