Rapid HIV Testing for Emergency Department Patients

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Status

Completed

Conditions

HIV Infections

Treatments

Behavioral: HIV risk education

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other U.S. Federal agency

NIH

Identifiers

NCT00676481

K23 A1060363

U65/CCU124504

Details and patient eligibility

About

The purpose of this study is to test data collection options in emergency departments (EDs) and to enhance ED patient awareness of the risk of HIV infection.

Full description

Rapid HIV testing is a new technology that speeds receipt of HIV test results. Its use in EDs has been demonstrated, but patient acceptance of rapid testing in the ED has not been optimal. It is likely that the low acceptance is partially due to ED patients not realizing the risk of acquiring an HIV infection or the importance of knowing their HIV status. The purpose of this study is to test data collection options in EDs and to enhance ED patient awareness of the risk for HIV infection.

This three phase study will take place at the Rhode Island Hospital Emergency Department. Each participant will be followed for the duration of their ED visit.

In Phase I, the proportion of participants who are willing to undergo rapid HIV testing in the ED will be measured. Additionally, the HIV testing history of these participants, their reasons for undergoing testing or for never having been tested for HIV, and factors associated with acceptance or decline of testing and history of HIV testing will be determined. An educational video will be developed and used to investigate its effectiveness in convincing participants to have the rapid HIV test. All participants agreeing to undergo a rapid HIV test will receive a survey to complete.

In Phase II, a questionnaire and feedback tool to make participants aware of their risk for an HIV infection through injection drug use and sex will be developed and investigated.

In Phase III, the questionnaire and feedback tool developed in Phase II will be used to determine whether or not making participants aware of their risk for an HIV infection increases their acceptance of being tested for HIV in the ED. Participants in Arm 1 will receive the questionnaire and feedback tool while participants in Arm 2 will not.

Enrollment

570 patients

Sex

All

Ages

18 to 64 years old

Volunteers

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

English-speaking
Subcritical illness or injury

Exclusion criteria

Critical illness or injury
Mental or physical disability
Known HIV infection
Participation in an HIV vaccine study
Prison inmate
Acute psychiatric illness that, in the opinion of the investigator, would prevent the participant from completing the study