Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation, Access and Engagement in Care

Johns Hopkins University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Treatments: Drug: Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide 200 MG-25 MG Oral Tablet [DESCOVY]; Drug: Dolutegravir 50 MG

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other; NIH

Identifiers

NCT03512964

P30AI094189 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

IRB00110075

Details and patient eligibility

About

The investigators propose to evaluate Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation in Baltimore in newly and previously diagnosed HIV-positive patients not in care through identification of barriers, facilitators and acceptability of Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation among newly and previously diagnosed HIV-positive patients not in care identified at the Johns Hopkins East Baltimore campus and at the Baltimore City Health Department sexually transmitted disease clinics. Using this data, a protocol for Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation among newly and previously diagnosed HIV-positive patients not in care identified at the Johns Hopkins East Baltimore campus and the Baltimore City Health Department sexually transmitted disease clinics will be developed and pilot tested. This pilot data will be used to design a multi-site study evaluating the effectiveness of Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation versus facilitated linkage to care. A model for Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation in Baltimore could be generalized to cities where the HIV epidemic has a similar demographic and risk profile such as Washington DC, Atlanta, and New York City.

Full description

Prompt initiation of antiretroviral therapy to achieve and sustain viral suppression decreases the morbidity and mortality of HIV and greatly reduces the risk of transmission yet gaps in the care cascade persist. At current testing and treatment rates, an estimated 524,000 new infections and 375,000 deaths will occur between 2015 and 2025 in the US. Rates of HIV are unacceptably high among African Americans and men who have sex with men and a majority of new transmissions originate from patients previously diagnosed but not in care. To curb rates of infection and improve HIV-related outcomes, cities such as Baltimore, where the HIV epidemic predominately affects African Americans and men who have sex with men, must implement more effective ways to identify and treat all individuals with HIV. Compressing the treatment timeline by starting antiretroviral therapy at the time of diagnosis is known as rapid HIV treatment initiation. Early studies of Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation in newly diagnosed patients in South Africa and San Francisco showed significant improvement in care linkage, antiretroviral therapy initiation and time to viral suppression. Investigators propose to evaluate Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation in Baltimore in newly and previously diagnosed HIV-positive patients not in care through identification of barriers, facilitators and acceptability of Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation and pilot testing a protocol for Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation among newly and previously diagnosed HIV-positive patients not in care identified at the Johns Hopkins East Baltimore campus and at the Baltimore City Health Department sexually transmitted disease clinics. This pilot data will be used to design a multi-site study evaluating the effectiveness of Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation versus facilitated linkage to care. A model for Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation in Baltimore could be generalized to cities where the HIV epidemic has a similar demographic and risk profile such as Washington DC, Atlanta, and New York City.

Enrollment: 32 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 65 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Men and women 18 to 65 years of age
• English speaking
• Patients identified in the Hopkins Emergency Department, Hopkins John G. Bartlett Specialty Practice clinic or Baltimore City Health Department sexually transmitted disease clinics who are newly diagnosed with HIV (test positive by 3rd or 4th generation HIV test or detectable HIV viral load with no previously documented positive HIV test by medical record and/or self-report) and patients with previous HIV diagnosis but by self-report are not in care and not on antiretroviral therapy (> six months without HIV care or antiretroviral therapy)

Exclusion criteria

• Women who are currently pregnant or planning on becoming pregnant
• Adults lacking the capacity to consent
• Patients referred to HIV care outside of Johns Hopkins and/or Baltimore City Health Department Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) clinics
• Patients with estimated creatinine clearance <30 mL/min at last documented laboratory testing in the available medical record at site of referral, self-report of chronic kidney disease without documented creatinine within the last three months
• Patients who have pre-study documented HIV resistance mutations to dolutegravir or tenofovir alafenamide in the available medical record at site of referral or who self-report history of HIV resistance mutations. and susceptibility to dolutegravir and tenofovir alafenamide cannot be confirmed
• Patients with a contraindication to dolutegravir, tenofovir alafenamide and/or emtricitabine
• Patients on or in anticipation of starting a rifamycin medication (rifampin, rifabutin, or rifapentine) and/or carbamazepine
• Patients judged by clinic or study staff to be physically or emotionally unable to provide consent or participate in all study procedures

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: N/A

Interventional model: Single Group Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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32 participants in 1 patient group

Rapid HIV Treatment Initiation

Other group

Description:

Initiation and reinitiation of antiretroviral therapy with dolutegravir 50 mg by mouth once daily and descovy 1 tablet by mouth once daily the same-day as HIV diagnosis and/or first clinic visit for people newly diagnosed with HIV and patients previously diagnosed with HIV but not on medications and not in care for over six months.

Treatment:

Drug: Dolutegravir 50 MG

Drug: Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide 200 MG-25 MG Oral Tablet [DESCOVY]