Risk Assessment of Type 2 Diabetes in Pharmacies

University of Bergen

Status: Completed

Conditions: Type2 Diabetes

Treatments: Other: Diabetes risk assessment service in Norwegian community pharmacies

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT03979768

2016/808

Details and patient eligibility

About

Background: Due to lack of clear symptoms, type 2 diabetes can remain undetected for many years. Our aim was to explore the capacity of Norwegian community pharmacies to identify people at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes and the impact of the risk assessment service on self-rated health.

Methods: Nineteen community pharmacies were randomly allocated to a diabetes risk test only- group or Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) -group were the participants with a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes also received a HbA1c-measurement. Two pharmacists at each pharmacy were trained to perform risk assessments and counselling. The pharmacists at the 11 HbA1c pharmacies were also trained in how to perform the HbA1c- measurement. During six months, pharmacy customers equal or over 45 years old, wishing to participate contacted the pharmacy staff. Participants completed a validated diabetes risk test and a background questionnaire including a validated instrument for self-rated health. In the risk test only-group, participants with a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes were referred to their general practitioner for follow-up, while in the HbA1c-group, participants with HbA1c ≥ 48 mmol/ mol (6.5%) were referred to their general practitioner.

Full description

Background: Due to lack of clear symptoms, type 2 diabetes can remain undetected for many years. Our aim was to explore the capacity of Norwegian community pharmacies to identify people at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes and the impact of the risk assessment service on self-rated health.

Methods: Nineteen community pharmacies were randomly allocated to a diabetes risk test only- group or Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) -group were the participants with a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes also received a HbA1c-measurement. Two pharmacists at each pharmacy were trained to perform risk assessments and counselling. The pharmacists at the 11 HbA1c pharmacies were also trained in how to perform the HbA1c- measurement. During six months, pharmacy customers equal or above 45 years old, wishing to participate contacted the pharmacy staff. Participants completed a validated diabetes risk test and a background questionnaire including a validated instrument for self-rated health. In the risk test only-group, participants with a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes were referred to their general practitioner for follow-up, while in the HbA1c-group, participants with HbA1c ≥ 48 mmol/ mol (6.5%) were referred to their general practitioner.

Enrollment: 368 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 45+ years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• age equal to or above 45 years old (increased from 18 years in the feasibility study), and being able to read and write Norwegian/English.

Exclusion criteria

• known diabetes, pregnancy and blood diseases that may affect measurement of Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).

Trial design

Primary purpose: Health Services Research

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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368 participants in 2 patient groups

Risk Assessment Only pharmacies (RTO-group)

Experimental group

Description:

Offered a diabetes risk assessment service without any blood sample testing.

Treatment:

Other: Diabetes risk assessment service in Norwegian community pharmacies

HbA1c-group /pharmacies

Experimental group

Description:

Offered a diabetes risk assessment service including a measurement of Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) to the people with a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes on the risk assessment form (The Finnish Diabetes Risc Score (FINDRISC) to those with a western background, and Leicester Risk Assessment (LRA) form for those with a non-western background.

Treatment:

Other: Diabetes risk assessment service in Norwegian community pharmacies