S0032, Combination Chemotherapy Plus Hormone Therapy in Treating Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer

SWOG Cancer Research Network

Status and phase: Completed; Phase 2

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Treatments: Drug: nilutamide; Drug: estramustine; Drug: goserelin; Drug: leuprolide; Drug: flutamide; Drug: bicalutamide; Drug: etoposide; Drug: paclitaxel

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: NETWORK; NIH

Identifiers

NCT00028769

CDR0000069132

U10CA032102 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

S0032 (Other Identifier)

Details and patient eligibility

About

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Androgens can stimulate the growth of prostate cancer cells. Drugs such as goserelin, leuprolide, flutamide, or bicalutamide may stop the adrenal glands from producing androgens. Combining chemotherapy with hormone therapy may kill more tumor cells.

PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy plus hormone therapy in treating patients who have metastatic prostate cancer.

Full description

OBJECTIVES:

• Determine the progression-free and overall survival in patients with high-risk metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate treated with early estramustine, etoposide, and paclitaxel with combined androgen-blockade therapy.
• Determine the type, frequency, and severity of toxicity of this regimen in this patient population.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study.

• Androgen-blockade therapy: Patients receive a standard regimen of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist therapy comprising either goserelin subcutaneously once monthly or once every 3 months or leuprolide intramuscularly once monthly, once every 3 months, or once every 4 months. Patients also receive a standard regimen of antiandrogen therapy comprising oral bicalutamide, oral flutamide, or oral nilutamide once daily. Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
• Chemotherapy: Beginning 14-30 days after initiation of androgen-blockade therapy, patients receive oral estramustine three times daily and oral etoposide once daily on days 1-14 and paclitaxel IV over 1 hour on day 2. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Patients are followed every 3 months until disease progression, every 6 months for 2 years, and then annually for 3 years.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 80 patients will be accrued for this study within 2 years.

Enrollment: 41 patients

Sex: Male

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

• Histologically or cytologically confirmed high-risk adenocarcinoma of the prostate

  • Clinical stage D2 disease as evidenced by one of the following:

    • Visceral disease (liver, lung, or other viscera)
    • Bone metastases to sites in both the axial (spine, pelvis, ribs, or skull) and appendicular (claviculae, humeri, or femora) skeleton

• No prior or concurrent (treated or untreated) brain metastases

  • Patients with clinical evidence of brain metastasis must have a negative brain CT or MRI

• No evidence of untreated spinal cord compression

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age:

• Over 18

Performance status:

• Zubrod 0-2

Life expectancy:

• Not specified

Hematopoietic:

• Absolute granulocyte count at least 1,500/mm^3
• Platelet count at least 100,000/mm^3
• No active hypercoagulability

Hepatic:

• Not specified

Renal:

• Not specified

Cardiovascular:

• No transient ischemic attacks, stroke, or myocardial infarction within the past 6 months
• No active coronary artery disease requiring antianginal therapy
• No active thrombophlebitis

Pulmonary:

• No history of pulmonary embolus

Other:

• No other prior malignancy within the past 5 years except adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer or adequately treated stage I or II cancer currently in complete remission

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy:

• At least 4 weeks since prior biologic therapy and recovered
• No concurrent biologic therapy

Chemotherapy:

• No prior cytotoxic chemotherapy
• No other concurrent chemotherapy

Endocrine therapy:

• Prior androgen-blockade therapy (e.g., luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist and antiandrogen therapy) allowed if administered for a duration of less than 30 days
• Prior neoadjuvant hormonal therapy allowed

Radiotherapy:

• At least 4 weeks since prior radiotherapy and recovered
• No concurrent radiotherapy

Surgery:

• At least 4 weeks since prior surgery and recovered

Other:

• No concurrent bisphosphonates

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: N/A

Interventional model: Single Group Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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41 participants in 1 patient group

Hormone therapy, estramustine, etoposide and paclitaxel

Experimental group

Description:

Hormone therapy (leuprolide, bicalutamide, nilutamide, goserelin, flutamide), estramustine, etoposide and paclitaxel

Treatment:

Drug: flutamide

Drug: bicalutamide

Drug: nilutamide

Drug: goserelin

Drug: leuprolide

Drug: etoposide

Drug: estramustine

Drug: paclitaxel