SBRT Dose Escalation for Reirradiation of Inoperable Lung Lesions (STRILL)

Istituto Clinico Humanitas

Status: Enrolling

Conditions: Non Small Cell Lung Cancer; Lung Metastases

Treatments: Radiation: SBRT dose escalation

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT04455438

2525

Details and patient eligibility

About

Prospective phase I study to evaluate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of SBRT for thoracic re-irradiation. Dose limiting toxicity will be pneumonitis ≥ G3. The potential advantage of the dose escalation planned in this study is the delivery of an ablative dose to radically treat patients with inoperable local relapse, without unacceptable toxicity.

Full description

Radical dose radiotherapy (RT) is frequently used in thoracic malignancies, both for early stage primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and for secondary lesions from other primary tumors, particularly in the setting of oligometastatic patients. Although development of distant metastases is the predominant pattern of failure after treatment with radical RT, isolated local recurrences, defined as a tumor recurrence overlapping the 50% isodose field, are still observed and are becoming more and more frequent along with the prolongation of life expectancy in cancer patients. Salvage options for isolated post-radiation local failures are limited, with surgery or retreatment with radiotherapy as potential modalities.

While salvage surgical resection after previous thoracic irradiation has shown encouraging results, most patients experiencing post-radiation local relapse are not surgical candidates. Therefore, reirradiation may be the only viable salvage option for many patients. Retreatment with CFRT has been reported for locoregional failures, with generally-poor outcomes. Although, salvage SBRT after initial CFRT has been described in select small series of heterogeneous patient groups ranging from early stage to locally-advanced and metastatic, few data exist to guide us on the role of reirradiation with SBRT for isolated recurrences after initial SBRT for early-stage NSCLC. Due to the heterogeneity and the low numerosity of these experiences, important questions regarding the safety and efficacy in this setting are still largely unanswered. Particularly, the possibility of delivering a second course of ablative dose RT (BED ≥ 100 Gy) is almost unexplored.

Based on this background, we designed a prospective phase I study to evaluate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of SBRT for thoracic re-irradiation. Dose limiting toxicity will be pneumonitis ≥ G3. The potential advantage of the dose escalation planned in this study is the delivery of an ablative dose to radically treat patients with inoperable local relapse, without unacceptable toxicity.

Enrollment: 15 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Inoperable primary non-small cell lung cancer or other metastatic primaries with lung metastases, already treated with radical dose RT;
• Peripheral lesion (> 2 cm from trachea-bronchial tree);
• Inoperable local recurrence (defined as a tumor recurrence overlapping the 50% isodose field) confirmed by documented radiographic findings and/or pathological biopsies within the thoracic area;
• Patients had previously received curative intent RT of more than 50 Gy for conventionally fractionated RT or a biologically equivalent dose of more than 75 Gy for SBRT;
• No active distant metastasis or controlled distant metastasis at the time of re-irradiation

Exclusion criteria

• Central or ultra-central lesion(s);
• Incapability of understanding and signing informed consent.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Non-Randomized

Interventional model: Sequential Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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15 participants in 3 patient groups

SBRT Level 1

Experimental group

Description:

The starting dose level will be SBRT 30 Gy in 5 fractions (level 1 or L1).

Treatment:

Radiation: SBRT dose escalation

SBRT Level 2

Experimental group

Description:

If the starting dose is tolerated in the first 5 patients, the next dose will be SBRT 40 Gy in 5 fractions (level 2 or L2)

Treatment:

Radiation: SBRT dose escalation

SBRT Level 3

Experimental group

Description:

If the second dose is tolerated in the next 5 patients, the next dose will be SBRT 50 Gy in 5 fractions (level 3 or L3)

Treatment:

Radiation: SBRT dose escalation