Social Learning Theory-Based Menstruation Education in Visually Impaired Women

Aylin Olgun

Status: Completed

Conditions: Self-care; Visually Impaired Persons; Menstruation; Menstruation Hygiene; Nursing; Health Education

Treatments: Behavioral: Theory-Based Menstrual and Hygiene Education Program

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT07607171

AYLINOLGUN_VISUALLYIMPAİRMENT

125S056 (Other Grant/Funding Number)

1219/1199 (Other Identifier)

Details and patient eligibility

About

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of face-to-face practical training based on social learning theory on developing and changing skills and behaviors in providing genital and menstrual hygiene and improving menstrual self-care skills of visually impaired young women.

Our hypotheses are:

H1: There is a difference between the mean Menstruation Symptom Questionnaire scores of the intervention group at the pre- and post-training follow-ups.

H2: There is a difference between the mean Genital Hygiene Behaviors Scale scores of the intervention group at the pre- and post-training follow-ups.

H3: There is a difference between the mean Menstruation Symptom Questionnaire scores of the intervention and control groups at the post-training follow-ups.

H4: There is a difference between the mean Genital Hygiene Behaviors Scale scores of the intervention and control groups at the post-training follow-ups.

H5: The mean Menstrual Self-Care Skill List scores of the intervention group after the training were higher than before the training. Researchers compared the knowledge and behavioral changes of the experimental and control groups after the training.

Participants did the following:They fully participated in the planned training, performed the skill applications, and answered the survey questions completely. They were expected to apply the knowledge and skills they learned in the training in their daily lives for 9 months. At the end of the 9th month, a follow-up interview was conducted, and an attitude assessment was performed.

Enrollment: 32 patients

Sex: Female

Ages: 15 to 30 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Female participants aged 15-30 years
• For totally blind participants: visual acuity of 20/200 or less in the better eye and/or a visual field of 20 degrees or less
• For low vision participants: visual acuity between 20/70 and 20/200 in the better eye
• Having experienced menstruation at least once
• No other disabilities, such as hearing or orthopedic impairments
• Voluntary participation with informed consent

Exclusion criteria

• Amenorrhea due to systemic or metabolic conditions (e.g., hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Turner syndrome)
• Visual conditions such as night blindness, color blindness, or monocular blindness that do not meet the defined visual impairment criteria
• Incomplete participation in the training or follow-up phases

Trial design

Primary purpose: Health Services Research

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

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32 participants in 2 patient groups

Intervention Group

Experimental group

Description:

Participants in the intervention group received a structured, face-to-face, half-day education based on Bandura's Social Learning Theory. The training included verbal explanation, modeling, interactive games, tactile materials, and audio-described educational videos. The content focused on menstrual symptoms, genital hygiene behaviors, and menstrual self-care skills. Education was designed to be accessible for visually impaired participants.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Theory-Based Menstrual and Hygiene Education Program

Control Group

No Intervention group

Description:

Participants in the control group did not receive any training. Only data collection was performed using the same forms and at the same time points as the intervention group. They were blinded to group allocation.