Soda and Milk Study (SAMS)

UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland

Status

Completed

Conditions

Obesity

Dyslipidemia

Treatments

Dietary Supplement: Sugar Sweetened Soda

Dietary Supplement: Reduced Fat Milk

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

NCT02094768

MM7267

Details and patient eligibility

About

Much attention has been directed at the unhealthy effects of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), as an increase in their consumption has paralleled the rise obesity rates. In adults, SSBs have been shown to promote ectopic fat storage and raise plasma triglycerides compared to equivalent amounts of semi-skim (1.5%) milk, water, or diet beverages. Replacement of soda with milk had the added benefit of also reducing systolic blood pressure. While several studies have investigated the effects of SSBs on weight gain in children, no published studies have investigated their effects on lipid and lipoprotein risk factors under isocaloric conditions in metabolically at-risk adolescents, who are among the greatest consumers of SSBs. The main objective of this study is to test whether isocaloric replacement of soda with reduced fat milk will significantly improve atherogenic dyslipidemia, blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, and liver function in overweight and obese adolescents who are habitual soda consumers. The investigators will test this in a 8 week randomized two period crossover trial in 30 overweight and obese adolescent males who are self-reported habitual consumers of SSBs. Participants will consume energy equivalent amounts of SSB (24oz soda containing high fructose corn syrup per day), and reduced fat milk (2% milk fat) for 3 weeks each, in random order, separated by a 2-week washout. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, and blood samples will be collected at screen and at the end of each intervention period. Plasma measurements will include LDL peak particle diameter; lipoprotein subclass concentrations; triglycerides; total, LDL, and HDL-cholesterol; apolipoproteins; glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance; high sensitivity C-reactive protein; uric acid; and liver enzymes.

Enrollment

30 patients

Sex

Male

Ages

13 to 18 years old

Volunteers

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Males, age 13-18
Tanner stage ≥ 2
Self reported sugar sweetened beverage intake 24oz to 60oz per day
Self reported milk intake ≤16 oz. per day
BMI 85-99 percentile for age
Tolerant to milk

Exclusion criteria

History or diagnosis of hypertension or taking blood pressure lowering medication
History or diagnosis of diabetes, HbA1c ≥ 6.5% or fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl
Fasting triglyceride > 300 mg/dl
On lipid lowering or diabetes medication