Soluble Programmed Death 1 (sPD1) is a Diagnostic Biomarker of ILD in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease

Assiut University

Status: Unknown

Conditions: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Treatments: Diagnostic Test: soluble programmed death 1biomarker

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT05105230

sPD1 in RA

Details and patient eligibility

About

1. Evaluate the levels of serum (sPD1) in RA patients with ILD and those without.
2. Detect subclinical RA-ILD for early diagnosis and management of this devastating manifestation of RA

Full description

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized by a systemic inflammatory state that affects joints and other organs .

There are many types of RA-related pulmonary diseases. RA-related pulmonary diseases include airway disease such as bronchiolitis. There are interstitial lung diseases that include non-specific interstitial pneumonitis and usual interstitial pneumonia .

The pathogenesis of RA is multifactorial with contributions from genetic and environmental factors. (CD4+) T-cells is responsible for pro-inflammatory cytokines production and subsequent joint destruction .

The aetiology of RA-ILD may be related to smoking and other factors that activate autoimmunity and the attack of post-transcriptionally modified self-proteins, such as citrullinated peptides. Citrullinated peptide can be produced in the lungs of some patients, causing a pulmonary fibrosis .

Major subtypes of RA-ILD are defined by their histopathological or (HRCT) patterns

. Programmed death-1 belongs to CD28/B7 family and is expressed on the surface of activated T cells, B cells, NK cells, dendritic cells and Treg cells. sPD-1 is the soluble form of PD-1 that is obtained by phosphoric acid hydrolysis of membrane type PD-1 .

Programmed death-1 and its ligands are important negative regulators of the immune system. .

In RA, Persistent synovial T cell activation and inflammation may be reasoned to positive regulators overexpression, aberrant expression of negative regulators or functional antagonism of these molecules by soluble factors .

sPD-1 inhibits the PD-1/PD-L signalling pathway by interacting with PD-Ls and promotes the T cell activation .

Enrollment: 66 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 16 to 70 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Adult RA Patients who fulfilled the 2010 ACR/European league against rheumatism (EULAR) criteria for the classification of RA (7).
• Adult RA patients with ILD (Nonspecific idiopathic interstitial pneumonia more than 16 years old).

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with other autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa sarcoidosis, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, spondylarthritis and inflammatory bowel disease).
• RA patients with lung affection other than ILD
• Patients with malignant tumors
• Patients with active infection
• Patients with severe heart, lung, and kidney dysfunction
• Patients with tuberculosis, pulmonary infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, lung tumor, and pneumoconiosis disease.
• Uses of drugs (other than RA medication) known to cause ILD such as antimicrobial agents (Sulphonamide), cardiovascular agents (amiodarone) and Bromocriptine.