Study of Pneumococcal Carriage in RSV Bronchiolitis in Infants Aged 6 to 18 Months (Synergy)

Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

Status

Not yet enrolling

Conditions

Bronchiolitis

Treatments

Other: Swab collection

Study type

Observational

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

NCT06722716

2024-A01592-45 (Other Identifier)

APHP240862

Details and patient eligibility

About

The relationship between RSV (human respiratory syncytial virus) infections and invasive infections or pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae has been observed epidemiologically for several years. Few fundamental data exist to support the epidemiological relationship. This study will investigate the proportion of pneumococcal carriage in RSV-infected infants and noninfected infants (proportion, serotype profile).

Full description

The relationship between RSV (human respiratory syncytial virus) infections and Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia has been suggested for many years based on a similar seasonal pattern and cohort studies, but it could not be confirmed due to the circulation of several viruses concurrently. The post-COVID-19 period was marked by a temporal association between RSV infections and invasive pneumococcal disease (and pneumonia) in children under five, highlighting the potential role of RSV in the dynamics of pneumococcal disease in infants.

Furthermore, the carriage rate of S. pneumoniae in infants under 2 years of age in healthy populations is described as around 25%. In the case of RSV infection, this rate rises to 50%. Some data from animal models have shown that RSV infection increases S. pneumoniae transmission within a group of individuals, partly explaining this difference. However, data remain limited, particularly in human samples, and further research is needed to better understand the role of the RSV-pneumococcal relationship in the occurrence of severe RSV infections (pneumonia) and invasive pneumococcal infections. This study will examine pneumococcal carriage in bronchiolitis in infants aged 6-18 months, through nasopharyngeal swabs from infants with bronchiolitis and healthy infants. Pneumococcal carriage rates and serotype profiles will be investigated.

Enrollment

120 estimated patients

Sex

All

Ages

6 to 18 months old

Volunteers

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Infants aged 6 months to 18 months inclusive
With bronchiolitis during RSV epidemic season (bronchiolitis group) or without evidence of RSV viral infection (healthy group)
No chronic illness
No history of bronchiolitis
Signed consent from parents or legal guardians
Patient affiliated to a social security scheme

Exclusion criteria