Substance Misuse To Psychosis for Ketamine (SToP-K)

The University of Hong Kong (HKU)

Status

Completed

Conditions

Psychotic Disorders

Genetic Predisposition

Ketamine Abuse

Schizophrenia

Substance Use Disorders

Treatments

Diagnostic Test: genome testing

Study type

Observational

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

NCT03485339

SToP-K_CC

Details and patient eligibility

About

Evidence suggests that repeated or chronic ketamine use, as compared to acute ketamine users, posed a higher clinical risk of developing psychotic disorders, potentially related to the underlying chronic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction, and a higher risk of suffering from schizophrenia particularly in those genetically susceptible, or genetically predisposed ketamine abusers. With ketamine infusion rises as a emerging hope as an acute treatment for depression and suicidality under the shadow of unknown longer term psychotomimetic effects peculiarly amongst repeated or chronic use, the current case-control study aims to investigate: a) if repeated or chronic ketamine use is associated with an increased risk of psychosis by comparing those ketamine abusers with and without psychosis, and to those non-ketamine-using drug abusers with psychosis; and b) if genetic predisposition from single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with risk of psychosis in ketamine abusers.

Enrollment

162 patients

Sex

All

Ages

12 to 65 years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Age: 12 - 65 years old
Able to read and communicate in English and/or Chinese
Able to give informed consent
Self-reported to have psychoactive substance use continuously for ≥3 month
At least one positive urine toxicology result showing the reported psychoactive substance being used

Exclusion criteria

Age <12 years old
Unable to read English or Chinese
Unable to give informed consent
Had been diagnosed to have Intellectual Disabilities (DSM-5) or Mental Retardation (ICD-10, F70-73)
Had been diagnosed to have primary psychosis prior to the use of any psychoactive substances, including alcohol
Had been diagnosed to have "bipolar and related disorder" prior to the use of any psychoactive substances, including alcohol
Had been diagnosed to have "major depressive disorder with psychotic features" prior to the use of any psychoactive substances, including alcohol
Had been diagnosed to have "psychotic disorder due to another medical condition" (DMS-5)
Self-reported to have abstained from any psychoactive substance use continuously for ≥12 months AND with negative urine toxicology result at the time of recruitment/ intake at the psychiatric services as recorded on case notes