TB Treatment Support Tool Interactive Mobile App and Direct Adherence Monitoring on TB Treatment Outcomes (TB-TST)

Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy

Status

Active, not recruiting

Conditions

Tuberculosis

Treatment Adherence

Treatments

Other: TB treatment assistant

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

NCT04221789

12112019

Details and patient eligibility

About

The overall goal of this study is to conduct a Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) to evaluate a tuberculosis treatment support tool (TB-TST), a cellular phone app developed using user-centered design principles and a paper-based drug metabolite urine test strip modified for home use for testing the presence of isoniazid drug metabolites in urine to directly monitor adherence to treatment, to improve treatment outcomes for patients with TB receiving self-administered treatment (SAT).

Poor medication adherence to TB regimens, along with challenges in monitoring patients and returning them to treatment, are important contributing factors to poor outcomes and the development of drug resistance. With advances and proliferation of mobile technology platforms, there is substantial interest in the possible use of mobile health (mHealth) interventions to address these challenges. Of the mHealth approaches under investigation for TB adherence monitoring, drug metabolite testing has been identified as the most promising, ethical, and accurate, and the least intrusive and stigmatizing strategy compared to other mobile solutions, yet its potential remains largely unexplored. Additionally, mobile applications (apps) may provide personalized treatment supervision, increase patients' self-management and improve patient-provider communication by offering more advanced functionalities for patient support and monitoring.

The existing version of the TB-TST app offers education on TB and its treatment, communication with a care-coordinator, tracks treatment adherence (both by self-reporting and direct metabolite test strip images), self-reports treatment side-effects, and retains patient's "diary" notes. This proposal builds on preliminary work to: 1) Refine the TB-TST intervention based on pilot study findings and apply principles of user-centered design; 2) Evaluate the impact of the TB-TST on treatment outcomes compared to usual care; 3) Assess patient and provider perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to implementation of the TB-TST and synthesize lessons learned with stakeholders and policy makers. Primary outcome will be treatment success. Secondary outcomes will include: treatment default rates, self-reported adherence, technology use and usability. Findings have broader implications not only for TB adherence but disease management more generally and will improve our understanding of how to support patients facing challenging treatment regimens

Full description

Tuberculosis remains one of the top ten causes of death globally despite it being largely curable. Patients face many challenges to adhere to treatment and mobile health (mHealth) interventions may address these challenges and support patients to complete their treatment. We will improve an interactive intervention based on the combined input from patients and TB experts and evaluate the intervention's impact on treatment outcomes in a randomized clinical trial. Findings have broader implications not only for TB adherence but disease management more generally and will improve our understanding of how to support patients in challenging treatment regimens.

Enrollment

555 patients

Sex

All

Ages

16 to 65 years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Participants must be at least 16 years old,
have a new diagnosis of drug-susceptible TB,
First treatment
have regular access to a smartphone, and
be able to operate the phone or have someone able to assist.

Exclusion criteria

Children up to 15 years old
Retreatment (default or previous treatment failure)
Patients who are severely ill (i.e., requiring hospitalization)
Patients who reside in the same household with another study participant
Inability to operate a smartphone
Illiteracy (inability to read and write)
Patients with known drug resistance
Patients with known HIV co-infection will be excluded because their care is managed separately.
Screened patients who do not meet study eligibility will have specific screening data (including gender, age and reason for exclusion) entered into the study database to examine reasons for exclusion and feasibility of enrollment criteria.

Case definition: Patients at least 16 year old with TB confirmed by smear-positive sputum or diagnosis of pulmonary TB based on radiological findings and clinical signs and symptoms but with negative sputum smear. The diagnosis may be confirmed by other methods, such as, MGIT960, BACTEC 9000 or MB Bact, nucleic acid amplification (PCR) or ELISA.