The Effect of a Transtheoretical Model-Based Educational Intervention on First-Year Nursing Students' HPV Knowledge, Health Beliefs, and Vaccination Behavior Intentions

Çukurova University

Status: Not yet enrolling

Conditions: Papillomavirus Vaccines; Students, Nursing; Health Behavior; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Treatments: Behavioral: TTM-Based Educational Program

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT07248904

TTM-HPV-001

Details and patient eligibility

About

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of a structured educational program based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) on HPV knowledge, health beliefs, and vaccination behavioral intentions among first-year nursing students. The study will also evaluate how the intervention affects students' HPV vaccine readiness compared to the TTM.

The primary questions addressed by the study are:

• Does the TTM-based educational intervention increase students' knowledge about HPV and the HPV vaccine?
• Does the program change students' health beliefs regarding susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers to HPV and the HPV vaccine?
• Does the program improve students' intentions and readiness to receive the HPV vaccine?
• Do students move to a higher behavioral readiness stage (from Precontemplation to Contemplation, Preparation, Action, or Maintenance) after the intervention?

The researcher will compare the TTM-based educational intervention with a control group that did not receive structured education to determine whether a personalized, stage-based approach is more effective in improving HPV-related outcomes among nursing students.

Participants will:

• Complete baseline questionnaires measuring HPV knowledge, health beliefs, and vaccination intention.
• The experimental group (intervention group) will receive personalized TTM-based education, face-to-face instruction in modules aligned with the five TTM phases (Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, and Maintenance).
• The experimental group will participate in educational sessions designed to raise awareness, correct misinformation, support decision-making, and encourage protective behaviors.
• The control group will not receive any educational program.
• All participants in the experimental and control groups will complete the same questionnaires again to assess changes after the intervention.

The TTM-based educational intervention provides:

• Staged counseling
• Information about HPV and the HPV vaccine
• Activities to raise awareness, strengthen motivation, and support vaccination adoption
• Personalized feedback based on student readiness
• Structured modules focusing on knowledge, belief, and behavior change strategies

The study population included first-year nursing students enrolled in the Faculty of Health Sciences. A total of 88 participants will be recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention (n=44) or control (n=44) groups through simple randomization.

The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of evidence-based education strategies in nursing, support of behavioral change models in health education, and strengthen the role of future nurses in HPV prevention, vaccine advocacy, and public health practice.

Enrollment: 88 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• First-year students enrolled in the Nursing Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences
• Provide written informed consent to participate
• Agree to attend all educational sessions and data collection appointments during the study period
• Have sufficient Turkish literacy to read and understand study materials
• Have not previously received any comprehensive education about HPV infection or HPV vaccination

Exclusion criteria

• Students who do not agree to participate in the study
• Students who do not provide written informed consent

Trial design

Primary purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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88 participants in 2 patient groups

Intervention Group

Experimental group

Description:

TTM-based structured educational program tailored to the participant's stage of readiness for HPV vaccination

Treatment:

Behavioral: TTM-Based Educational Program

Control Group

No Intervention group

Description:

No structured education; participants receive no TTM-based training during the study period.