The Effect of Mirror Therapy in Patients With Frozen Shoulder

Marmara University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Frozen Shoulder; Pain

Treatments: Other: Visual feedback; Other: Mirror therapy

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT04454632

Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Hospital

Details and patient eligibility

About

The aim of this study compares mirror therapy and visual feedback treatment with the control group in frozen shoulder patients.

Full description

Thirty-six individuals divided three groups as mirror therapy, visual feedback, and control groups were included in the study for 15 sessions of treatment. All individuals received basic treatment as ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, cold pack, stretching exercises, glenohumeral range of motion exercises, scapulothoracic exercises. The mirror group bilateral exercised with an affected arm behind the mirror; visual feedback group bilateral exercised by seeing both arms in the mirror; control group bilateral exercised without a mirror for 10 minutes after every session. Pain severity was evaluated with the "Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)", ROM and proprioception were measured with a universal goniometer, and functional status was evaluated with "shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI)" and "Modified Constant Score". Evaluations were made before, day after the treatment and 4 weeks after the treatment by the same researcher. Data analysis was performed with SPSS.23.

Enrollment: 36 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 75 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Individuals who were diagnosed with "Unilateral Frozen Shoulder" by the specialist;
• Normal radiological imaging;
• Aged between 18-75 years old;
• Symptoms persist for 2-12 months.

Exclusion criteria

• If patients had following comorbidities: rotator cuff injury, cervical radiculopathy, romatological diseases, neurological diseases, fracture, tumour, congenital deformities, dislocation or sublocation, surgery in the shoulder, uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes mellitus;
• Pregnancy;
• Patients who had previously received physical therapy;
• Patients having problems in the perception of tests and exercises were excluded from this study

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Factorial Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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36 participants in 3 patient groups

Mirror therapy group

Experimental group

Description:

The number of participants in this group is anticipated to be 12. In addition to basic treatment, the mirror therapy group bilateral exercised with the affected arm behind the mirror for 10 minutes after every session. Participants in this group perform three exercises as glenohumeral flexion, abduction, and rotation.

Treatment:

Other: Mirror therapy

Visual feedback group

Experimental group

Description:

The number of participants in this group is anticipated to be 12. In addition to basic treatment, the visual feedback group bilateral exercised by seeing both arms in the mirror for 10 minutes after every session. Participants in this group perform three exercises as glenohumeral flexion, abduction, and rotation while seeing both arms in the mirror.

Treatment:

Other: Visual feedback

Control group

No Intervention group

Description:

The number of participants in this group is anticipated to be 12. In addition to basic treatment, the control group bilateral exercised without a mirror for 10 minutes after every session. Participants in this group perform three exercises as glenohumeral flexion, abduction, and rotation while seeing both arms in the mirror.