The Effect of Straining Techniques on Women and Newborn

Cumhuriyet University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Prolonged Second Stage of Labor; Other Specified Trauma to Perineum and Vulva During Delivery; Newborn; Vitality

Treatments: Other: Straining types

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT05578794

OAkgun

Details and patient eligibility

About

Purpose: To examine the effects of straining techniques on the duration of labor, perineal trauma status and newborn apgar score.

Method: This study is a randomized controlled trial. The straining techniques were explained to the pregnant women who gave written consent to participate in the study and were randomly assigned to groups in the latent phase (natural, spontaneous, Valsalva), and the techniques were applied in the second phase of labor.

Full description

Purpose: The present study was planned to determine the effects of straining techniques on the duration of labor, perineal trauma status, and newborn Apgar score.

Method: The study, which had a randomized-controlled experimental design, was conducted in Sivas Numune Hospital Birth Unit. The sampling size was calculated using power analysis. In the literature, spontaneous straining is used by pregnant women in the range of 25-81%, and Valsalva -type straining has a rate of 32-75%. To represent the population of the study, sample volume was determined at =0.05 significance level, 1- =0.95 Confidence Interval, =0.20 error risk, and 1- =0.80 power, and the total number of individuals was determined as 354. The data of the study were collected with the "Pre-Evaluation Form", "Personal Information Form", "Labor Evaluation Form", and "Apgar Score" created by the researchers in line with the literature data. The straining techniques were explained to the pregnant women who gave written consent to participate in the study and were randomly assigned to groups in the latent phase (natural, spontaneous, Valsalva), and the techniques were applied in the second phase of labor. ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis H-test, Chi-square test, Exact test, Tamhane T2 test, and Dunn Test were used to evaluate the data obtained in the study. Statistical significance was evaluated at a 0.05 significance level and the SPSS version 23.0 was used.

Enrollment: 354 patients

Sex: Female

Ages: 19 to 41 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• 38-42. being at the gestational week,
• Having a singleton pregnancy
• Fetus in vertex position
• Being in the latent phase in the first stage of labor
• Planning and having a normal vaginal birth,
• Not having a diagnosed chronic physical disease,
• Not having a diagnosed psychiatric disease,
• No risk of risky pregnancy or fetal anomaly,
• Being literate,
• No communication problem
• Giving birth in the lithotomy position
• Volunteering to participate in the study

Exclusion criteria

• 38-42. not in the week of pregnancy,
• Having multiple pregnancy
• Fetus out of vertex position
• Being in the latent phase in the first stage of birth,
• Having a cesarean section while planning a normal vaginal delivery,
• Having a diagnosed chronic physical illness,
• Having a diagnosed psychiatric illness,
• Having a risky pregnancy or fetal anomaly risk,
• illiteracy,
• Having a communication problem
• Giving birth in different positions
• Not willing to participate in the study

Trial design

Primary purpose: Supportive Care

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Factorial Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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354 participants in 3 patient groups

Valsalva Straining (Control Group)

Experimental group

Description:

The straining techniques for the groups were explained by the researcher in line with the process steps in the latent phase. Valsalva straining is supported in 2nd stage of labor. Duration of delivery, perineal trauma status and Apgar Scores were evaluated.

Treatment:

Other: Straining types

Spontaneous Straining

Experimental group

Description:

The straining techniques for the groups were explained by the researcher in line with the process steps in the latent phase. Spontaneous straining is supported in 2nd stage of labor. Duration of delivery, perineal trauma status and Apgar Scores were evaluated.

Treatment:

Other: Straining types

Natural Straining

Experimental group

Description:

The straining techniques for the groups were explained by the researcher in line with the process steps in the latent phase. Duration of delivery, perineal trauma status and Apgar Scores were evaluated.

Treatment:

Other: Straining types