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The general objective of this study is to validate a mobile application as a pedagogical tool compared to in-person nursing educational instruction for teaching clinical nursing skills and evaluate the effectiveness of clinical nursing skills for nursing students.
The study design is a basic experimental study design, randomized control trial (RCT) design; the dependent variables measured in this study are skills, self-directed learning ability, online academic emotion, and satisfaction by using pre- and posttests; two groups are participating in this study; experimental and control group. The control group treatment is traditional face-to-face teaching, and the experimental group intervention is online and offline blended learning based on the Chaoxing app. The study process includes four steps：
Full description
Study title:
The Effectiveness of A Mobile Application for Teaching Clinical Nursing Skill at A Higher Education Institution in Chenzhou, China
General objective:
The general objective of this study is to validate a mobile application as a pedagogical tool compared to in-person nursing educational instruction for teaching clinical nursing skills and evaluate the effectiveness of clinical nursing skills for nursing students.
The study design is a basic experimental study design, randomized control trial (RCT) design; the dependent variables measured in this study are skills, self-directed learning ability, online academic emotion, and satisfaction by using pre- and posttests; two groups are participating in this study; experimental and control group. The control group treatment is traditional face-to-face teaching, and the experimental group intervention is online and offline blended learning based on the Chaoxing app. The study process includes four steps：
Study Location:
This study will be conducted at Xiangnan University in Chenchou city Hunan province in China, Chenzhou city is in the southeast of China.
Study Design:
The study design was a prospective, single-blind experimental design, randomized control trial (RCT) design.
Study population & Setting The sample will consist of third-year undergraduate nursing students at a university in Chenzhou, southeast China. They are between 19 and 22 years old. In the early stage, students have completed one year of basic medical courses and mastered the relevant knowledge of human anatomy, physiology, and pathology. Students are active in thinking, have intense curiosity, and have a certain ability to understand and self-learning. However, students are exposed to clinical practice skills for the first time and have little exposure to clinical practice in the early stage, resulting in poor comprehensive analysis ability and unfamiliar skills operation.
Sample size calculation:
The sample size estimate was calculated based on the primary measure of self-learning ability. Sample size calculation is performed by using G*POWER software (version 3.1.9.4) and consists of the following steps: (1) Select the test family (t-test ), (2) Select the statistical test (Means: Difference between two independent means (two groups)), (3) Select the Type of power analysis (A priori: Compute required sample size - given α, power, and effect size), (4) Select tails (two), α err prob (0.05), Power (1-β err prob) (0.95), Allocation ratio N2/N1 is one (each group = n) n= the estimated sample size. Effect Size (ES) = 0.55, automatically calculated by G*Power software, depending on the sample size of the previous studies (Luo Qiaoling, 2020) ,(Zhang Y H,2015),(Li X M, 2021), the effect size is calculated by selecting these similar studies fitted to the researchers' study, the reasonable sample size which is (n=166) will be taken as the minimum sample size for this study, and the minimum sample size for each group will be 83 participants.
Sampling method:
Cluster random sampling was used after obtaining ethical approval and permission to conduct the study from the Ethics Committee of Xiangnan University, China (Ethics Registration No. 2022YXLL030) and the Jawatankuasa Etika Penyelidikan Manusia, Universiti Sains Malaysia (JEPeM-USM), the study protocol code USM/JEPeM/KK/23020172. The cluster sampling method of the participants was used to select all the undergraduate students in 2021 from the School of Nursing of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, China. Computer-generated randomization (Random Allocation Software, version 1.0) was applied in blocks to allocate the classes by distributing them into two arms: one is the control group, and the other is the experimental group.
Study process steps:
(i) In the Pre-Test, the estimated time to fill will be 15 minutes maximum; it consists of 2 sections. The first section includes the consent form and ten questions about demographical data; the second section includes a self-directed learning ability assessment and consists of 20 MCQ questions. The pre-test will be filled out by both the control and interventional groups.
(ii) The intervention, volunteer participation, takes about two months for both the control and interventional groups. The control group will adopt the traditional face-to-face teaching mode, and the interventional group will adopt the mode of online and offline blended learning based on the Chaoxing app.
(iii) In the post-test, the interventions are finished, and an examination evaluation will be immediately given to both group's participants, including online academic emotional, self-directed learning ability, and class satisfaction assessment with a total of 55 MCQ questions, which will be 30 minutes maximum.
Ethical Considerations：
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166 participants in 2 patient groups
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Central trial contact
Norhasmah Mohd Zain; Afang Li, PHD
Data sourced from clinicaltrials.gov
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