The Effectiveness of Local Dry Cold, Hot and Vibration Applications in Peripheral Intravenous Catheterization

Bursa Uludag University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Vomiting; Nausea; Diarrhea; Pain Management; Emergency Unit

Treatments: Other: Heat Application; Other: Cold Application; Other: Vibration Application

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06378424

2023-6/6

Details and patient eligibility

About

Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine the effect on venous dilation, procedure duration and pain severity of local hot, cold and vibration applications performed on the intervention area before peripheral intravenous catheterization in adults.

Methods: The study included 120 adults who were randomly selected between March and August 2023. One application group (n=30) received local hot application, one group (n=30) received local cold application, and one (n=30) received local vibration using the Buzzy® device. The applications, to the site of the peripheral intravenous catheterization, lasted one minute. The control group (n=30) the received standard peripheral intravenous catheterization application. The groups' venous dilation was assessed on the vein assessment scale and the level of pain felt during catheterization was assessed using a visual analog scale.

Enrollment: 120 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 65 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Being in accordance with time and place
• Being aged between 18 and 65 years
• Being able to evaluate the visual analog scale correctly
• Participating voluntarily in the research.

Exclusion criteria

• Not participating voluntarily in the research
• Not fitting the inclusion criteria of the research
• Having a vision or hearing problem
• Having a mastectomy
• Having any illness which could affect pain perception, such as sensory-motor disorder, diabetes, peripheral vascular diseases or peripheral neuropathy
• Having an allergy to heat and cold application
• Having phlebitis, scar tissue, dermatitis, an incision or findings of infection at the place where the intervention was to be performed
• Having taken an analgesic (within the previous six hours) or an anesthetic agent before the peripheral intravenous catheterization procedure

Trial design

Primary purpose: Supportive Care

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

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120 participants in 4 patient groups

Cold Application Group

Experimental group

Description:

Before peripheral intravenous catheterization, dry cold was applied to the application area using a cold gel pack. For this purpose, a 11 x10 cm pack of non-toxic gel was frozen solid in the refrigerator. Because this pack is reusable, it was disinfected before and after each use, and left in the service refrigerator to freeze solid. Attention was paid that it was used in solid form with all individuals.

Treatment:

Other: Cold Application

Heat Application Group

Experimental group

Description:

Before peripheral intravenous catheterization, heat of approximately 40-42 o C was applied for 1 minute to the area of the procedure using a hot pack, which is one of the dry heat application methods. The heat application pack has a feature that it can maintain its temperature when taken out of hot water and does not disturb the person when it comes into direct contact with the skin. In order to apply heat to the individuals in this group, a pack of 11 x 19 cm is used. This pack is covered with cloth and contains a non-toxic gel, and is placed in hot water to prepare it for use. Because this pack is reusable, it was disinfected before and after each use.

Treatment:

Other: Heat Application

Vibration Application Group

Experimental group

Description:

With individuals in this group, device was used to provide vibration. The device, at room temperature, was placed by the researcher on the peripheral intravenous catheterization application area before the application was performed. For one minute before the application, a slight, non-discomforting vibration was applied to the intervention area.

Treatment:

Other: Vibration Application

The control group

No Intervention group

Description:

No intervention was performed on the control group before the peripheral intravenous catheterization procedure, and the standard peripheral intravenous catheterization procedure was performed.