The Effects of Leucine and Isoleucine on Glucose Metabolism (AA+GLU)

Texas Woman's University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Hyperglycemia

Treatments: Dietary Supplement: Leucine Supplement; Dietary Supplement: Isoleucine Supplement; Dietary Supplement: Leucine Supplement combined with Isoleucine Supplement

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT02634164

17757 (Other Identifier)

Details and patient eligibility

About

Diabetes is classified as an impairment of the body's ability to control blood glucose levels. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia can give rise to macrovascular (i.e., heart disease and stroke) and microvasculature damage such as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. These comorbidities may definitively reduce quality of life.

Hypotheses to be tested:

1. The ingestion of amino acids L-Isoleucine and L-Leucine at a therapeutic dose prior to a glucose load will concurrently and independently improve glucose tolerance.
2. The ingestion of L-Isoleucine and L-Leucine separately or together will have a minimal effect on incretin responses of Glucagon-like peptide-1 and Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GLP-1, GIP).

Full description

Specific Aims and Hypothesis Diabetes is classified as an impairment of the body's ability to control blood glucose levels. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia can give rise to macrovascular (i.e., heart disease and stroke) and microvasculature damage such as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. These comorbidities may definitively reduce quality of life.

Hypotheses to be tested:

1. The ingestion of amino acids L-Isoleucine and L-Leucine at a therapeutic dose prior to a glucose load will concurrently and independently improve glucose tolerance.
2. The ingestion of L-Isoleucine and L-Leucine separately or together will have a minimal effect on incretin responses (GLP-1, GIP).

Specific Aims:

1. Specific Aim I will test the hypothesis that the ingestion of amino acids L-Isoleucine and L-Leucine at a therapeutic dose prior to a glucose load will concurrently and independently improve glucose tolerance.
2. Specific Aim II will test the hypothesis that the ingestion of L-Isoleucine and L-Leucine will have a minimal effect on incretin responses in conjunction with prior research.

Enrollment: 12 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 20 to 40 years old

Volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

1. age range of 20 to 40 years of age
2. (sedentary lifestyle) Participants whom exercise less than the American College of Sports Medicine recommendation of weekly physical activity levels or are completely sedentary may be admitted into the study
3. Apparently healthy
4. Currently not using supplemental branch chain amino acids (BCAA) or whey protein
5. Non-smoking

Exclusion criteria

1. Chronic or acute health problems
2. Smoker
3. Currently using supplemental BCAA or whey protein -

Trial design

Primary purpose: Basic Science

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Double Blind

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12 participants in 4 patient groups

control

No Intervention group

Description:

Control Treatment with Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: Blood glucose and insulin will be obtained following the protocol of Eicher et al (4). Participants will ingest a Placebo (inert, calorie free, stevia sweetener) with blood collections at 0,2,4,6,8,10,30 prior to a standard 75 g glucose solution, followed by blood collections at 0,2,4,6,8,10,30,60,90,120 minutes post glucose ingestion. A total of 16 blood collections will be taken.

Leucine Supplement

Experimental group

Description:

Control Treatment with Oral Glucose Tolerance Test:

Treatment:

Dietary Supplement: Leucine Supplement

Isoleucine Supplement

Experimental group

Description:

Isoleucine Combined with Oral Glucose Tolerance Test:

Treatment:

Dietary Supplement: Isoleucine Supplement

Leucine and Isoleucine Supplement

Experimental group

Description:

Leucine and Isoleucine Combined with Oral Glucose Tolerance Test:

Treatment:

Dietary Supplement: Leucine Supplement combined with Isoleucine Supplement