The Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Lichen Planus Pigmentosus and Erythema Dyschromicum Perstans

Henry Ford Health

Status and phase

Enrolling

Phase 2

Conditions

Lichen Planus Pigmentosus

Ashy Dermatosis of Ramirez

Erythema Dyschromicum Perstans

Treatments

Drug: Tranexamic acid tablets

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other

Identifiers

NCT04233749

15107

Details and patient eligibility

About

There are currently no effective treatments for lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP) and erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP). Tranexamic acid, which may downregulate pigmentation through a reduction in plasmin, has been shown to decrease pigmentation in patients with melasma, another pigmentary disorder. Given that LPP, EDP, and melasma are all disorders of pigmentation with dermal involvement, it is possible that tranexamic acid can also reduce pigmentation in LPP and EDP as well.

Full description

Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP) and erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP) (also known as ashy dermatosis (AD)) are two conditions on the spectrum of dermal pigmentary disorders. LPP typically affects skin phototypes III-V and has involvement of sun exposed areas or intertriginous areas. It presents as irregularly shaped or oval grey-brown macules and patches that are typically asymptomatic, but can have mild pruritus and burning. EDP, on the other hand, presents as grey-brown macules and patches in sun-protected sites and may have an early inflammatory phase with an erythematous border. It is typically asymptomatic, but can also be mildly pruritic. There is significant histologic overlap between the two conditions including basal cell degeneration, a mild perivascular or band-like infiltrate in the upper dermis, and dermal melanophages.

Multiple treatments for these conditions, including topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, topical retinoids, chemical peels, minocycline, dapsone, hydroxychloroquine, isotretinoin, griseofulvin, and systemic steroids have been reported in the literature. However, none of these have been effective consistently.

Tranexamic acid (TA) is a synthetic analog of lysine, and serves as a fibrinolytic agent by binding lysine sites on fibrinogen. Commonly used in surgery to prevent bleeding, it has recently been used in dermatology for the treatment of melasma. Melasma is a pigmentary disorder characterized by hyperpigmented patches in sun-exposed areas, often in response to hormones, sunlight, and other factors. The proposed mechanism of action of tranexamic acid in decreasing pigmentation in this condition is that it decreases inflammation by decreasing dermal angiogenesis and inhibits UV induced plasmin activity in keratinocytes. Plasmin activity can increase melanogenic factors, leading to increased pigmentation. In a study by Lee et al., when administered orally at a dose of 250mg twice daily over approximately 4 months, 89.7 % of patients had documented improvement in pigmentation. Of those who improved, the median lightening was approximately 50%, which is significant. Other studies have also shown promising results.

Enrollment

5 estimated patients

Sex

All

Ages

18+ years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Subject age 18 and older
Subject with a diagnosis of LPP, EDP, or AD
Subject able to understand requirements of the study and risks involved
Subject able to sign a consent form
Subject to have discontinued all topical or oral medications, with the exception of sunscreen, used to treat pigmentary abnormalities one month prior to treatment

Exclusion criteria

Personal history of clotting disorder or thromboembolic disease (deep vein thrombosis (DVT), stroke, etc)
Active malignancy, excluding non-melanoma skin cancer
Moderate to severe renal impairment
History of migraine with aura
Current anticoagulant therapy
Current use of hormonal contraception or hormone replacement therapy in the last 30 days
A woman who is lactating, pregnant, or planning to become pregnant