The Role of Neuroactive Steroids in Stress, Drug Craving and Drug Use in Cocaine Use Disorders

Yale University

Status and phase: Completed; Early Phase 1

Conditions: Cocaine-Related Disorders

Treatments: Drug: Placebos; Drug: Pregnenolone (PREG)

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other; NIH

Identifiers

NCT03953612

1603017466

1K01DA046561-01A1 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Details and patient eligibility

About

To use pregnenolone (PREG; 300; 500mg) daily versus placebo (PLA) as a probe to assess the role of neuroactive steroids in individuals with cocaine use disorder (CUD).

Full description

This experimental study aims to examine the effects of PREG on a) repeated cocaine craving, mood and neurobiological reactivity to brief, guided imagery exposure to stress, drug cues and neutral situations in the laboratory and b) daily cocaine intake, craving, cognition and mood in men and women with CUD; and c) sex differences in all of these outcomes. The study's hypothesis is that PREG vs PLA will dose-specifically decrease stress-induced and drug-cue induced cocaine craving, improve mood and cognitive performance, and normalize hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis response to stress and drug-cue imagery, and reduce cocaine intake and craving in daily life in individuals with CUD.

Enrollment: 58 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 60 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Male or female individuals, ages 18 to 60.
• Subjects must meet current DSM-V criteria for cocaine use disorder; documented positive urine toxicology screen for cocaine at intake or collateral information from family members, significant others, room-mates etc., on recent use.
• Subject has voluntarily given informed consent and signed the informed consent document.
• Able to read English and complete study evaluations.

Exclusion criteria

• Women who are pregnant, or nursing or are of childbearing potential and not practicing an effective means of birth control.
• Meet current criteria for use disorder on another psychoactive substance, such as, heroin, amphetamines, hallucinogens/PCP, excluding alcohol and nicotine.
• Any current use of opiates or past history of opiate use disorder.
• Current use of any psychoactive drugs, including anxiolytics, antidepressants, naltrexone or antabuse.
• Any psychotic disorder or current Axis I psychiatric symptoms requiring specific attention, including need for psychiatric medications for current major depression and anxiety disorders.
• Significant underlying medical conditions such as cerebral, renal, thyroid or cardiac pathology which in the opinion of study physician would preclude patient from fully cooperating or be of potential harm during the course of the study.
• Abstinent from cocaine for more than two weeks prior to admission.
• Hypotensive individuals with sitting blood pressure below 90/50 mmHG.

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Single Blind

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58 participants in 3 patient groups, including a placebo group

PREG 300

Experimental group

Description:

Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to PREG 300 mg/day over 8 weeks with a) an inpatient-outpatient option where they will be admitted to the Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit (CNRU) at the Connecticut Mental Health Center (CMHC) for first two weeks and then outpatient at Yale Stress Center (YSC) for the remaining 6 weeks, or b) an outpatient option where they will participate in the entire study outpatient at YSC.

Treatment:

Drug: Pregnenolone (PREG)

patients receiving placebo

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to a placebo (PLA) treatment over 8 weeks with a) an inpatient-outpatient option where they will be admitted to the Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit (CNRU) at the Connecticut Mental Health Center (CMHC) for the first two weeks and then transition to outpatient at Yale Stress Center (YSC) for the remaining 6 weeks, or b) an outpatient only option where they will participate in the entire study outpatient at YSC.

Treatment:

Drug: Placebos

PREG 500

Experimental group

Description:

Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to PREG 500 mg/day over 8 weeks with a) an inpatient-outpatient option where they will be admitted to the Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit (CNRU) at the Connecticut Mental Health Center (CMHC) for first two weeks and then outpatient at Yale Stress Center (YSC) for the remaining 6 weeks, or b) an outpatient option where they will participate in the entire study outpatient at YSC.

Treatment:

Drug: Pregnenolone (PREG)