Tiagabine to Enhance Slow Wave Sleep in Patients With Sleep Apnea (TESSA)

Mass General Brigham

Status and phase: Completed; Phase 2

Conditions: Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

Treatments: Drug: Placebo; Drug: Tiagabine

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT02387710

BWH-2012P000956B

Details and patient eligibility

About

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common and has major health implications but treatment options are limited. Interestingly, the severity of OSA is profoundly reduced in deep sleep (called "slow wave sleep"), potentially via an increase in the stimulus required to arouse from sleep. Here the investigators test the idea that the medication called "tiagabine" improves slow wave sleep and reduces OSA severity. The investigators will also test whether tiagabine raises the arousal threshold (more negative esophageal pressure), and whether detailed OSA "phenotyping" characteristics can predict the improvement in OSA severity with this intervention.

Full description

The current study tests the primary hypothesis that tiagabine improves sleep apnea severity in patients with moderate-to-severe sleep apnea (apnea hypopnea index measured in supine non-REM sleep; hypopneas defined by 3% desaturation or arousal). The investigators test three secondary hypotheses that tiagabine:

1. increases the proportion of total sleep time in slow wave sleep
2. raises the non-REM arousal threshold (more negative esophageal pressure) via (1).
3. is preferentially effective in patients whose OSA phenotype predicts that an increase in the arousal threshold is sufficient to resolve OSA versus those without such favorable physiology. Favorable physiology is defined here as having a low ventilatory drive at which stable breathing is theoretically feasible ("stable Vdrive" is <100% above eupneic ventilatory drive) due to any combination of a "high" upper airway muscle response, "good" passive anatomy (high Vpassive), and "low" steady-state loop gain (see Owens RL et al SLEEP 2014; Wellman A et al J Appl Physiol 2011, 2013; Eckert DJ et al 2013 AJRCCM).

Enrollment: 18 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 79 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Diagnosed OSA (moderate-to-severe; apnea hypopnea index >15 events/hr)

Exclusion criteria

• History of seizures

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Crossover Assignment

Masking: Quadruple Blind

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18 participants in 2 patient groups, including a placebo group

Tiagabine

Active Comparator group

Description:

Tiagabine PO 12 mg before sleep

Treatment:

Drug: Tiagabine

Placebo

Placebo Comparator group

Description:

Placebo PO before sleep

Treatment:

Drug: Placebo