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Transarterial Chemoembolization Compared With Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy or Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Residual or Recurrent Liver Cancer Undergone Initial Transarterial Chemoembolization

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Stanford University

Status and phase

Terminated
Phase 3

Conditions

Child-Pugh Class B
Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Child-Pugh Class A

Treatments

Drug: embolic agent
Procedure: Transarterial Chemoembolization
Drug: lipiodol
Radiation: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

Other
NIH

Identifiers

NCT02762266
P30CA124435 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
NCI-2016-00418 (Registry Identifier)
IRB-35937
HEP0052 (Other Identifier)

Details and patient eligibility

About

This randomized phase III trial studies how well transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) works compared to stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) or stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) in patients with liver cancer that remain after attempts to remove the cancer have been made (residual) or has come back (recurrent). TACE is a minimally invasive, image-guided treatment procedure that uses a catheter to deliver both chemotherapy medication and embolization materials into the blood vessels that lead to the tumors. SBRT or SABR may be able to send radiation directly to the tumor and cause less damage to normal liver tissue. It is not yet known whether TACE is more effective than SBRT or SABR in treating patients with persistent or recurrent liver cancer who have undergone initial TACE.

Full description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the freedom from local progression (FFLP) of TACE versus (vs) SABR in patients with persistent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after TACE.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the progression-free survival (PFS) of TACE vs SABR in patients with persistent HCC after initial TACE.

II. To determine the overall survival (OS) of TACE vs SABR for persistent HCC. III. To determine the toxicities associated with TACE or SABR for persistent HCC.

OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.

Arm I: Patients undergo TACE.

ARM II: Beginning within 2 weeks of the radiation set-up scan and within 4 weeks of fiducial seed implantation (if applicable), patients undergo image guided SBRT 3 fractions within 1 week or 5 fractions within 2 weeks.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up for 1-2 weeks, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months, and every 6 months up to 3 years.

Enrollment

13 patients

Sex

All

Ages

18+ years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

  • Confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by one of the following:

    • Histopathology
    • One radiographic technique that confirms a lesion >= 1 cm with arterial hypervascularization with washout on delayed phase
  • Radiographic evidence of persistent, progressive, or recurrent disease in an area previously treated with TACE and determined from 3 months after initial TACE; this evaluation should be within 6 weeks of date of study eligibility

  • Unifocal liver tumors not to exceed 7.5 cm in greatest axial dimension; multifocal lesions will be restricted to lesions that can be treated within a single target volume within the same liver segment and to an aggregate of 10 cm as long as the dose constraints to normal tissue can be met

  • Eastern Clinical Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1 or 2

  • Patients with liver disease classified as Child Pugh class A or B, with score =< 9 ((within 4 weeks of treatment)

  • Life expectancy >= 6 months

  • Ability of the research subject or authorized legal representative to understand and have the willingness to sign a written informed consent document

Exclusion criteria

  • Prior radiotherapy to the upper abdomen
  • Prior radioembolization to the liver
  • Prior radiofrequency ablation (RFA) to index lesion
  • Liver transplant
  • Active gastrointestinal bleed within 2 weeks of study enrollment
  • Ascites refractory to medical therapy (mild to moderate ascites is allowed)
  • Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding
  • Administration of chemotherapy within the last 1 month
  • Extrahepatic metastases
  • Participation in another concurrent treatment protocol
  • Prior history of malignancy other than HCC, dermatologic basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma

Trial design

Primary purpose

Treatment

Allocation

Randomized

Interventional model

Parallel Assignment

Masking

None (Open label)

13 participants in 2 patient groups

Arm I (TACE)
Active Comparator group
Description:
Patients undergo TACE.
Treatment:
Drug: embolic agent
Procedure: Transarterial Chemoembolization
Drug: lipiodol
Arm II (SBRT)
Experimental group
Description:
Beginning within 2 weeks of the radiation set-up scan and within 4 weeks of fiducial seed implantation (if applicable), patients undergo image guided SBRT 3 fractions within 1 week or 5 fractions within 2 weeks.
Treatment:
Radiation: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

Trial documents
1

Trial contacts and locations

2

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Data sourced from clinicaltrials.gov

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