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About
This phase II trial investigates how well trastuzumab deruxtecan works alone or in combination with anastrozole in treating patients with HER2 low, hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Trastuzumab deruxtecan is a monoclonal antibody, called trastuzumab, linked to a chemotherapy drug called deruxtecan. Trastuzumab attaches to HER2 expressed at low levels on cancer cells in a targeted way and delivers deruxtecan to kill them. Anastrozole works by decreasing estrogen production and suppressing the growth of tumors that need estrogen to grow. This study is evaluating how effective trastuzumab deruxtecan is at treating hormone receptor positive cancer cells that have low levels of HER2 expressed on them when given alone or in combination with anastrozole.
Full description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:
I. To identify treatment arm with strongest signal of efficacy, based on pathologic complete response (pCR) rate, between two neoadjuvant systemic therapy regimens in participants with early stage, HER2 low, hormone receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To assess the safety profile of the two novel neoadjuvant experimental arms. II. To assess the molecular changes in tumor biomarkers including Ki67 after 1 cycle of targeted therapy.
III. Pathological Assessment According to Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) Index at surgery.
IV. To investigate potential serum and tumor predictive biomarkers to predict response to experimental therapy.
EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:
I. To investigate potential serum and tumor predictive biomarkers to predict response to experimental therapy.
II. To assess quality of life by evaluating toxicity burden using a quality of life (QOL)/patient reported outcomes (PRO) questionnaire- the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) instrument.
OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 arms.
ARM A: Patients receive trastuzumab deruxtecan intravenously (IV) over 90 minutes on cycle 1 day 1 and 30 minutes on day 1 of each subsequent cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 6 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo surgery.
ARM B: Patients receive trastuzumab deruxtecan IV over 90 minutes on cycle 1 day 1 and 30 minutes on day 1 of each subsequent cycle and anastrozole orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-21. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 6 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo surgery.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 21-28 days.
Enrollment
Sex
Ages
Volunteers
Inclusion criteria
Previously untreated operable invasive carcinoma of the breast greater than 2.0 cm (cT2) in size based on physical exam or imaging. Patients with clinical node negative disease or clinical node (cN1/cN2) positive are allowed provided they are deemed to have operable disease at study entry
Participants with clinically involved lymph nodes should not have radiological evidence of distant disease per standard of care staging prior to patient informed consent form (PICF) signature
In the United States
Tumor is HER2-low by immunohistochemistry (IHC), defined as 1+ or 2+, confirmed by central testing (central testing results not required for enrollment, unless no local results available). If HER2 is 2+ by IHC, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) must be performed (per standard of care) and the FISH result must be HER2 non-amplified per 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology College of American Pathologists (ASCO CAP) guidelines
Tumor is HR positive (HR+) per ASCO CAP guidelines with known estrogen and progesterone receptor status, locally defined
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1
Normal cardiac function (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] >= 50%) based on echocardiogram (ECHO) or multigated acquisition (MUGA) scan within 28 days before randomization/enrollment
Platelet count >= 100 000/mm^3 (Platelet transfusion is not allowed within 1 week prior to screening assessment) (within 14 days before randomization/enrollment)
Hemoglobin >= 9.0 g/dL (red blood cell transfusion is not allowed within 1 week prior to screening assessment) (within 14 days before randomization/enrollment)
Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >=1500/mm^3 (Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration is not allowed within 1 week prior to screening assessment) (within 14 days before randomization/enrollment)
Creatinine clearance >= 30 mL/min as calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault equation or serum creatinine =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (within 14 days before randomization/enrollment)
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =< 3 x ULN (within 14 days before randomization/enrollment)
Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x ULN (within 14 days of randomization/enrollment). Participants with Gilbert's syndrome with a total bilirubin =< 2.0 times ULN and direct bilirubin within normal limits are permitted
Serum albumin >= 2.5 g/dL (within 14 days before randomization/enrollment)
International normalized ratio (INR)/prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) =< 1.5 x ULN (within 14 days before randomization/enrollment)
Has adequate treatment washout period before randomization/enrollment, defined as:
Negative pregnancy test (serum) for women of child bearing potential (CBP):
Male and female participants of reproductive/childbearing potential must agree to use a highly effective form of contraception or avoid intercourse during and upon completion of the study and for at least 7 months for females and 4 months for males after the last dose of study drug. Highly effective contraception methods include:
Male participants must not freeze or donate sperm starting at screening and throughout the study period, and at least 4 months after the final study drug administration. Preservation of sperm should be considered prior to enrollment in this study
Female participants must not donate, or retrieve for their own use, ova from the time of screening and throughout the study treatment period, and for at least 7 months after the final study drug administration
Estradiol level must be in post-menopausal range per local lab interpretation prior to baseline biopsy
Postmenopausal status is defined as:
Note: for women with therapy-induced amenorrhea, serial measurements of FSH and/or estradiol per local clinical guidelines are required for determination of postmenopausal status. All women who do not meet the criteria for postmenopausal status are considered premenopausal for the purpose of this trial
Pre- or peri-menopausal and amenable to being treated with ovarian function suppression drugs (goserelin, leuprolide, or triptorelin) per standard of care. Patients must have started treatment with ovarian function suppression at least 28 days prior to first dose of study treatment
Exclusion criteria
Recurrent or metastatic breast cancer
Bilateral breast cancer (multifocal or multicentric breast cancer is allowed provided that all biopsied lesions are HER2 1+ or 2+, not FISH amplified and are HR positive per ASCO guidelines)
Inflammatory breast cancer
Prior systemic therapy for invasive cancer
Prior ipsilateral chest wall radiation
Major surgery < 4 weeks prior to enrollment
Medical history of myocardial infarction within 6 months before randomization/enrollment, symptomatic congestive heart failure (CHF) (New York Heart Association Class II to IV), troponin levels consistent with myocardial infarction as defined according to the manufacturer 28 days prior to randomization
Unable to swallow oral medications
Is pregnant or lactating, or planning to become pregnant
Corrected QT interval prolongation to > 470 ms (females) or > 450 ms (males) based on average of the screening triplicate 12-lead electrocardiogram
Known hypercoaguable disorder requiring use of anticoagulant
Significant gastrointestinal disorders limiting absorption or tolerance of oral medications (for example, history of major surgical resection involving the stomach or small bowel, or preexisting Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis or a preexisting chronic condition resulting in baseline grade 2 or higher diarrhea)
History of (non-infectious) interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis that required steroids, has current ILD/pneumonitis, or where suspected ILD/pneumonitis cannot be ruled out by imaging at screening
Has multiple primary malignancies within 3 years, except:
Other concurrent anti-cancer therapy. Note: ovarian function suppression drugs (goserelin, leuprolide, or triptorelin) and/or bone modifying agents (bisphosphonates, denosumab) do not count as anti-cancer therapy for this criteria. If taking bisphosphonates or denosumab, must have been on these agents prior to signing consent
Has substance abuse or any other medical conditions such as clinically significant cardiac or psychological conditions, that may, in the opinion of the investigator, interfere with the subject's participation in the clinical study or evaluation of the clinical study results
Has known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, or active hepatitis B or C infection. Patients positive for hepatitis C (HCV) antibody are eligible only if polymerase chain reaction is negative for HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA). Subjects should be tested for HIV prior to randomization/enrollment if required by local regulations or Institutional Review Board (IRB)/ethics committee (EC)
Have personal history within the last 12 months of any of the following conditions: syncope of cardiovascular etiology, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, or sudden cardiac arrest
Have received an autologous or allogeneic stem-cell transplant
Has active systemic bacterial infection (requiring intravenous [IV] antibiotics at time of initiating study treatment), fungal infection, or detectable viral infection (such as known human immunodeficiency virus positivity or with known active hepatitis B or C [for example, hepatitis B surface antigen positive]). Screening is not required for enrollment
Concurrent treatment with ovarian hormonal replacement therapy. Prior treatment must be stopped prior to first baseline biopsy
Has history of severe hypersensitivity reactions to other monoclonal antibodies and/or to either the drug substances or inactive ingredients in the drug product
Clinically severe pulmonary compromise resulting from intercurrent pulmonary illnesses including, but not limited to, any underlying pulmonary disorder (i.e. pulmonary emboli within three months of the study enrollment, severe asthma, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], restrictive lung disease, pleural effusion etc.), and any autoimmune, connective tissue or inflammatory disorders with pulmonary involvement (i.e. rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's, sarcoidosis etc.), or prior pneumonectomy
Life expectancy < 3 months
Primary purpose
Allocation
Interventional model
Masking
88 participants in 2 patient groups
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TRIO-US
Data sourced from clinicaltrials.gov
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