Treatment of Hyperlactatemia in Acute Circulatory Failure Based on Analysis of CO2: a Prospective Randomized Superiority Study (The LACTEL Study)

University Hospital Center (CHU) Dijon Bourgogne

Status and phase: Completed; Phase 4

Conditions: Hyperlactatemia; Actue Circulatory Failure

Treatments: Procedure: stratified treatment according to algorithm; Biological: collection of biological data; Procedure: Standard treatment; Other: collection of demographic, ventilatory, cardiac echocardiography, arterial and venous gas data

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT05032521

GUINOT 2021-3

Details and patient eligibility

About

The management of a patient with shock is based on improving tissue oxygenation through hemodynamic optimization. Lactate is a marker of tissue hypoperfusion commonly used in the ICU. In principle, hyperlactatemia can be caused by either increased tissue production (tissue hypoperfusion: type A), decreased lactate uptake (type B), or a combination of both mechanisms. It is important to correctly determine the cause(s) of hyperlactatemia, as this determines the treatment (expanders, inotrope, vasopressor, blood derivative transfusion), and the patient's morbidity and mortality. A classic example of this concept is volume expanders, which are frequently used to correct hyperlactatemia secondary to tissue hypoperfusion, but are associated with mortality if used excessively (fluid overload). In clinical practice, it is difficult to differentiate the exact causes of hyperlactatemia (type A and type B). From work carried out over the last 20 years in septic shock and then in other states of shock and in the operating theatre, it has been shown that the arteriovenous CO2 gradient (pCO2gap) measured from arterial and venous blood gases is a marker of tissue hypoperfusion with better predictive ability than the usual markers (clinical examination, SVO2....). Furthermore, when we relate pCO2gap to the arteriovenous O2 difference (pCO2gap /C(a-v)O2), this ratio allows us to distinguish with greater accuracy between states of acute circulatory failure associated with anaerobiosis (tissue hypoperfusion, type A) and those related to the underlying disease.

Also, several studies have demonstrated a strong ability of the pCO2gap and the pCO2gap/CavO2 ratio to predict the severity of shock, mortality of the shock patient, hyperlactatemia, and correction of hyperlactatemia with hemodynamic treatment. As a result, many authors have proposed algorithms for the management of shock patients based on the measurement of these CO2-derived indexes.

The hypothesis of this study is that the use of an algorithm based on CO2gap and the CO2gap/CavO2 ratio is superior in terms of correction of hyperlactatemia to usual practice based on clinical and macro-hemodynamics.

Enrollment: 180 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Oral, free and informed consent obtained from a trusted person (health care proxy) or a close relative or consent in an emergency situation
• Adult patient managed in intensive care for whom the physician has decided on hemodynamic management because of signs of acute circulatory failure (systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg, mean arterial pressure < 65 mmHg, or the need for infusion of vasopressors, skin mottling, diuresis < 0.5 mL/kg/h for a duration ≥ 2 hours, skin recoloring time > 3 sec
• Arterial lactate level ≥ 3 mmol L-1

Exclusion criteria

• Person not affiliated to national health insurance
• Person subject to a measure of legal protection (curatorship, guardianship)
• Person subject to limited judicial protection
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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180 participants in 2 patient groups

standard practice

Active Comparator group

Treatment:

Biological: collection of biological data

Other: collection of demographic, ventilatory, cardiac echocardiography, arterial and venous gas data

Procedure: Standard treatment

algorithm

Experimental group

Treatment:

Biological: collection of biological data

Procedure: stratified treatment according to algorithm

Other: collection of demographic, ventilatory, cardiac echocardiography, arterial and venous gas data