Visual Feedback Manipulation in Virtual Reality Alters Extension-evoked Pain Perception in Chronic LBP (CLEVER BODY)

Cardenal Herrera University

Status: Completed

Conditions: Chronic Low-back Pain (cLBP)

Treatments: Other: NORMAL CONDITION; Other: OVERSTATED CONDITION; Other: UNDERSTATED CONDITION

Study type: Observational

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT06750900

PID2020-115609RB-C22 (Other Grant/Funding Number)

Cardenal Herrera University 67

Details and patient eligibility

About

This study investigates the potential to modify movement-evoked pain in individuals with chronic low back pain (LBP) by manipulating visual proprioceptive feedback through virtual reality (VR). Fifty patients with non-specific chronic LBP are planned to participate. Participants perform lumbar spine extension until pain onset under three conditions: accurate visual feedback (control), feedback showing 10% less movement (E-), and feedback showing 10% more movement (E+). Lumbar range of motion (ROM) is measured using a 3-space Fastrack motion analysis system. The study also explores whether individuals with higher pain levels, kinesiophobia, disability, or catastrophising are more susceptible to VR feedback manipulation. Pain thresholds, pain intensity, kinesiophobia, disability, and catastrophising levels are assessed.

Full description

This study explores the potential to influence movement-evoked pain in individuals with chronic low back pain (LBP) by altering visual proprioceptive feedback using virtual reality (VR). The researchers aim to understand whether manipulating visual feedback can change pain perception and movement behavior. A total of 50 patients with non-specific chronic LBP are expected to participate.

Participants will perform lumbar spine extension movements until the point of pain onset under three experimental conditions: (1) without virtual reality (control); (2) underestimated movement feedback (E-), where the VR shows 10% less movement than performed; and (3) overestimated movement feedback (E+), where the VR depicts 10% more movement than performed. These manipulations aim to investigate how changes in perceived movement affect pain perception and range of motion.

The lumbar range of motion (ROM) is objectively measured using a 3-space Fastrack motion analysis system to ensure precise tracking of physical movements. Additionally, the study examines whether psychological factors, such as pain intensity, kinesiophobia (fear of movement), disability, and catastrophising (exaggerated negative mental set about pain), influence susceptibility to VR feedback manipulation.

To provide a comprehensive assessment, participants' pain thresholds, pain intensity levels, kinesiophobia, disability, and catastrophising tendencies are measured through validated tools. By combining physical and psychological evaluations, the study aims to identify potential subgroups of patients who might benefit most from VR-based interventions and shed light on the mechanisms through which visual feedback alters pain perception and movement behavior in chronic LB

Enrollment: 50 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 65 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Participants of both sexes.
• Aged between 18 and 65 years.
• Diagnosed with non-specific chronic low back pain (according to the European COST B13 guidelines).
• Presence of lumbar extension limitation.

Exclusion criteria

• Diagnosis of a spinal tumor.
• Presence of a spinal infection or fracture.
• Diagnosed systemic diseases.
• Diagnosis of fibromyalgia.
• Presence of cauda equina syndrome.
• History of prior spinal surgery.
• Musculoskeletal injuries of the lower extremities (including: sciatica; radiating pain in the lower extremities; symptoms of numbness or weakness in the lower extremities)

Trial design

50 participants in 3 patient groups

NORMAL CONDITION

Description:

The normal condition is measured as a lumbar extension without VR until the onset of pain.

Treatment:

Other: NORMAL CONDITION

UNDERSTATED CONDITION

Description:

It involves an illusion with virtual reality where the patients perform a lumbar extension until the onset of pain and the feel a 10% less movement in the VR (understated visual feedback)

Treatment:

Other: UNDERSTATED CONDITION

OVERSTATED CONDITION

Description:

It involves an illusion with virtual reality where the patients perform a lumbar extension until the onset of pain and the feel a 10% more movement in the VR (understated visual feedback)

Treatment:

Other: OVERSTATED CONDITION