Vitamin A Therapy for Tuberculosis

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Status and phase

Completed

Phase 3

Conditions

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

HIV Infections

Treatments

Drug: multivitamin

Study type

Interventional

Funder types

NIH

Identifiers

NCT00057434

5R01AI041956-05

Details and patient eligibility

About

The study will determine whether a daily vitamin and mineral supplement (a multivitamin including Vitamin A) will improve health when added to standard chemotherapy for tuberculosis. This study will compare the effectiveness of the multivitamin in HIV infected and HIV uninfected patients.

Full description

By the year 2000, 13.8 % of individuals with HIV will be co-infected with tuberculosis (TB). Despite effective TB chemotherapy, mortality rates remain extremely high, and no simple, inexpensive intervention is available. Prior to the discovery of antibiotic treatment, cod-liver oil, a potent source of Vitamin A, was the standard treatment for TB. Vitamin A is essential for normal immune function, and Vitamin A supplementation is used in many countries to reduce mortality in children. Vitamin A deficiency in HIV infected people has been associated with increased mortality in the United States, Haiti, Malawi, and Uganda. This study will determine whether daily Vitamin A supplementation, given concurrently with TB chemotherapy, will reduce mortality in adults with HIV and TB.

All study participants will receive standard TB chemotherapy (isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, pyrazinamide) for the first 2 months, followed by isoniazid and ethambutol for the following 6 months. Participants will be randomized to receive either a daily vitamin and mineral supplement or placebo. Participants will be followed for 24 months after study enrollment.

Sex

All

Ages

18 to 80 years old

Volunteers

No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

Sputum-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis
Resident of Zomba or Blantyre Districts, Malawi
Willing to take tuberculosis chemotherapy as recommended by the National Tuberculosis Control Programme

Exclusion criteria