Volume De-escalation in Neoadjuvant Radiochemotherapy of Rectal Cancer

Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome

Status: Unknown

Conditions: Toxicity

Treatments: Radiation: Reduced radiation volumes

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT03975452

8/07 PAR ComEt CBM

Details and patient eligibility

About

The study outlines a clinical prospective protocol consisting of preoperative chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer, without elective pelvic nodal irradiation. The proposal to exclude lateral spaces from the target volume is based on the assumption that the radiological evidence of recurrence in the lateral lymph nodes is shown to be below 5%. In the study all patients underwent an accurate pre-treatment work-up including total body CT, pelvic MRI and 18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT, in order to include patients without evidence of disease in lateral lymph nodes. The primary endpoint of the study was the reduction of gastrointestinal toxicity; secondary endpoints were the pathological complete response (pCR), the local control (LC) rate, the overall survival (OS) and the disease-free survival (DFS).

Full description

Patients affected by histologically proven rectal cancer were considered for enrollment in a prospective protocol that included preoperative CRT and surgical treatment. All patients underwent pre-treatment work-up (clinical examination, pancolonoscopy with biopsy, total body CT scan, pelvic MRI, and whole body 18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT scan). Eligible patients had primary resectable cT2-low lying-T3, N0-N1 adenocarcinoma of the rectum, without evidence of disease in lateral lymph nodes. Additional eligibility criteria included performance status as well as liver, kidney, and bone marrow function that allowed for long-course CRT, older than 18 years, and no distant metastases.

Enrollment: 52 patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18+ years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Primary resectable cT2-low lying-T3, N0-N1 adenocarcinoma of the rectum, without evidence of disease in lateral lymph nodes
• No distant metastases

Exclusion criteria

• Evidence of disease in lateral lymph nodes
• Distant metastases

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: N/A

Interventional model: Single Group Assignment

Masking: None (Open label)

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52 participants in 1 patient group

Primary resectable cT2-low lying-T3, N0-N1 rectal tumour

Experimental group

Description:

Primary resectable cT2-low lying-T3, N0-N1 adenocarcinoma of the rectum, without evidence of disease in lateral lymph nodes.

Treatment:

Radiation: Reduced radiation volumes