Whole-Body Vibration and Balneotherapy in Chronic Low Back Pain

Bursa Uludag University

Status: Enrolling

Conditions: Whole Body Vibration; Balneology; Water; Exercise

Treatments: Behavioral: Whole-Body Vibration Exercise; Behavioral: Balneotherapy

Study type: Interventional

Funder types: Other

Identifiers

NCT07067489

2025/8-3

Details and patient eligibility

About

This randomized controlled clinical trial aims to investigate the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) exercises combined with balneotherapy on pain, physical function, sleep quality, and daily activity levels in individuals with chronic low back pain.

A total of 60 volunteers aged 18 to 65 who have been diagnosed with chronic low back pain by a physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist and who meet the eligibility criteria will be included. Participants will be randomly assigned to two groups. Both groups will receive balneotherapy five days a week for three weeks. After balneotherapy, the first group will perform standard stretching, strengthening, and aerobic exercises designed for low back pain. The second group will receive the same exercise program in combination with WBV exercises using a vibration platform. WBV sessions will include static and dynamic exercises with specific frequency and amplitude settings.

All participants will be evaluated at baseline and after three weeks using validated measures, including pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale), spinal mobility (Modified Schober Test), balance and reach (Functional Reach Test), physical performance (Sit-to-Stand and Timed Up and Go Tests), disability (Oswestry Disability Index, Roland-Morris Questionnaire), and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index).

The study seeks to determine whether combining WBV with balneotherapy can provide additional benefits over standard exercise alone in managing chronic low back pain.

Enrollment: 60 estimated patients

Sex: All

Ages: 18 to 65 years old

Volunteers: No Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion criteria

• Voluntary consent to participate in the study
• Age between 18 and 65 years
• Having chronic low back pain lasting at least 3 months or recurring at least 3 times per week
• Diagnosis of chronic low back pain by a physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist
• Normal neurological examination findings (no abnormal lower extremity reflexes or anesthesia)

Exclusion criteria

• Presence of radicular pain or radiculopathy
• Spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, vertebral infection, or cauda equina syndrome
• Vertebral fracture, axial spondyloarthritis
• History of lumbar spine surgery
• Inflammatory rheumatic disease, psychiatric or neurological disorders
• Uncontrolled hypertension, decompensated organ failure, or malignancy
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding
• Use of systemic steroids in the last 3 months
• Major trauma or surgery within the past 6 months
• Receiving physical therapy or physical modalities within the past 6 months
• Any health condition that prevents participation in balneotherapy or exercise programs

Trial design

Primary purpose: Treatment

Allocation: Randomized

Interventional model: Parallel Assignment

Masking: Double Blind

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60 participants in 2 patient groups

Balneotherapy and Standard Exercise Group

Experimental group

Description:

Participants in this group will receive 20-minute balneotherapy sessions five days per week for three weeks. Following a 30-40 minute rest, they will perform a standardized exercise program targeting chronic low back pain. The program includes stretching, strengthening, range of motion, and stabilization exercises focused on the lumbar spine, hips, and lower extremities. Exercises will be performed in 2 sets of 8-10 repetitions. Sessions will be supervised by a physiotherapist.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Balneotherapy

Balneotherapy and Whole-Body Vibration Exercise Group

Experimental group

Description:

Participants in this group will also receive 20-minute balneotherapy sessions five days per week for three weeks. After a 30-40 minute rest, they will first complete the same standardized exercise program as the first group. Then, they will perform whole-body vibration (WBV) exercises on a vibration platform (Compex Winplate). The WBV session will include static squats, dynamic squats, bridge exercises, dynamic weight shifting, and toe raises, performed at 30-40 Hz frequency and 2-4 mm amplitude for 40-60 seconds per set, with 2 sets per session and 3-minute rest intervals.

Treatment:

Behavioral: Balneotherapy

Behavioral: Whole-Body Vibration Exercise